Inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and investigate their association with all-cause mortality or transfer to hemodialysis.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 43 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Plasma levels of cytokines were measured using flow cytometry and capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Association between control of diabetes mellitus and polypharmacy at the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Purpose: To determine whether desirable diabetes control is associated with polypharmacy and to evaluate potential drug interactions (DI) in participants with diabetes mellitus in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study on Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1418 participants with medical diagnosis of diabetes at study baseline (2008-2010). Polypharmacy was defined as the use of ≥5 drugs.

Polypharmacy, socioeconomic indicators and number of diseases: results from ELSA-Brasil.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, describe the pharmacotherapeutic classes used, and investigate whether polypharmacy is associated with demographic and socioeconomic indicators, regardless of the number of diseases, among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline (2008-2010).

Method: In this analysis, 14,523 adults and elderly (35-74 years) participated. Polypharmacy was characterized as regular use of five or more medicines.

Storage and disposal of expired medicines in home pharmacies: emerging public health problems.

Objective: To characterize storage and disposal practices associated with expired medicines in home pharmacies of Primary Care users.

Methods: Cross-sectional study based on data collected from 423 users of 15 Primary Care units located in a Brazilian city, between August 2014 and July 2016. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews.

Association between dyslipidemia and CCL2 in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with high risk for cardiovascular diseases including acute myocardial infarction, stroke and congestive heart failure. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), also known monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) can be produced by a variety of cells, reaching increased levels in dyslipidemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing HD treatment. The main of this study was to evaluate the association between of CCL2 plasma levels and dyslipidemia in CKD patients undergoing HD.

Effect of Different Classes of Antihypertensive Drugs on Endothelial Function and Inflammation.

Hypertension is characterized by structural and functional changes in blood vessels that travel with increased arterial stiffness, vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Some antihypertensive drugs have been shown to improve endothelial function and reduce levels of inflammatory markers regardless of the effect of blood pressure lowering. Third-generation β-blockers, such as nebivolol and carvedilol, because they have additional properties, have been shown to improve endothelial function in patients with hypertension.

Pharmacotherapeutic empowerment and its effectiveness in glycemic control in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

Aims: To develop an intervention and evaluate its effectiveness in pharmacotherapeutic empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Method: This is an intervention study with before and after evaluation. The intervention was conducted between 2015 and 2016 with users of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil.

Platelets volume indexes and cardiovascular risk factors.

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) because they promote a state of hypercoagulability. It is known that platelets play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have evaluated platelet volume indexes (PVIs) in individuals with risk factors for CVD to better understand the platelet mechanisms involved in their development.

Concurrent and face validity of the MacArthur scale for assessing subjective social status: Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

This work assessed the concurrent and face validity of the MacArthur scale, which attempts to capture subjective social status in society, neighborhood and work contexts. The study population comprised a convenience sample made up of 159 adult participants of the ELSA-Brasil cohort study conducted in Minas Gerais between 2012 and 2014. The analysis was conducted drawing on Conceptual Metaphor Theory and using corpus linguistic methods.

Consumption of ultra-processed food and obesity: cross sectional results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort (2008-2010).

Objective: To verify if the intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with higher BMI and waist circumference (WC) among participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the ELSA-Brasil baseline (2008-2010). Dietary information obtained through an FFQ was classified according to characteristics of food processing (NOVA) and used to estimate the percentage energy contribution from ultra-processed foods (i.

Coffee Consumption and Heart Rate Variability: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Studies have shown that acute coffee ingestion can affect cardiovascular autonomic activity, although the chronic effects on heart rate variability (HRV) remain controversial.

Method: A cross-sectional study with baseline data (2008-2010) from ELSA-Brasil cohort of 15,105 (aged 35-74), based in six Brazilian states. Coffee consumption in the previous 12 months was measured using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and HRV was obtained through electrocardiographic tracings during 10 min at rest.

Study of association between interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma and recombinant human erythropoietin dose in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Background: A common complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory state and anemia that can be treating by recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). Higher required dose of rHuEPO could be expected in patients with higher cytokine levels. Additionally, it is known that peritoneal inflammation can be correlated with systemic inflammation and this could contribute to the compromised rHuEPO required dose in anemic patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD).

Lack of association between depression and C-reactive protein level in the baseline of Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Depression has been linked to increased levels of inflammatory markers in clinical studies, but results from general population samples are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate whether depression was associated with serum CRP levels in a cross-sectional analysis of a large cohort from a middle-income country.

Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 14,821 participants (35-74 years) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Collective empowerment strategies for patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and analyze collective empowerment strategies for patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM).

Methods: The systematic review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct and BVS. The term "Diabetes Mellitus" was used with each of the following describers, along with the connector "AND": "self-care", "health education", "motivation" and "empowerment".

[Healthy behavior patterns and levels of schooling in Brazil: time trend from 2008 to 2013].

This study analyzed data from the telephone-based Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (VIGITEL) to assess the prevalence of clusters of healthy behavior patterns (non-smoker, non-alcohol-drinker, regular leisure-time physical activity and recommended consumption of fruit and vegetables) and the temporal trend between 2008 and 2013. Additionally, we evaluated whether the association between level of schooling and clustering of three or more healthy behavior patterns decreased in this same period. Prevalence ratios were obtained using Poisson regression.

Postmenopausal hormone therapy in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil): who still uses it?

Purpose: We aim to investigate the patterns of hormone therapy (HT) use and associated factors in women participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Methods: This study included 3281 naturally menopausal women of 40 to 74 years of age at enrollment to the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health study, who answered questions regarding their use and discontinuation of HT. Prevalence rates of current and previous HT use were calculated, and a multinomial logistic regression model was constructed to simultaneously analyze the associated factors.

Education plays a greater role than age in cognitive test performance among participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Brazil has gone through fast demographic, epidemiologic and nutritional transitions and, despite recent improvements in wealth distribution, continues to present a high level of social and economic inequality. The ELSA-Brasil, a cohort study, aimed at investigating cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, offers a great opportunity to assess cognitive decline in this aging population through time-sequential analyses drawn from the same battery of tests over time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of sex, age and education on cognitive tests performance of the participants at baseline.

Hemostatic Parameters according to Renal Function and Time after Transplantation in Brazilian Renal Transplanted Patients.

Kidney transplantation is the key for patients with end-stage renal disease, improving quality of life and longer survival. However, kidney transplant triggers an intense inflammatory response and alters the hemostatic system, but the pathophysiological mechanisms of these changes are not completely understood. The aim of this cross-sectional cohort study was to investigate hemostatic biomarkers in Brazilian renal transplanted patients according to renal function and time after transplantation.

Effect of eosinophil cationic protein on human oral squamous carcinoma cell viability.

The exact function of eosinophils in cancer, particularly in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), has not yet been elucidated and the possible antitumor effect of these leukocytes is associated with the release of cytotoxic proteins, particularly eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ECP on human OSCC lines and to provide novel insights into the role of eosinophils in these tumors. The viability of the SCC-4 and SCC-25 OSCC cell lines was assessed by colorimetric assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT).

Effects of depression, anxiety, comorbidity, and antidepressants on resting-state heart rate and its variability: an ELSA-Brasil cohort baseline study.

Objective: Increases in resting-state heart rate and decreases in its variability are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, yet contradictory findings have been reported for the effects of the mood and anxiety disorders and of antidepressants. The authors investigated heart rate and heart rate variability in a large cohort from Brazil, using propensity score weighting, a relatively novel method, to control for numerous potential confounders.

Method: A total of 15,105 participants were recruited in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

[Ethical issues in longitudinal studies: the case of ELSA-Brasil].

The debate about ethics in research with human beings has historically emphasized experimental studies because of their greater potential to harm the subjects involved. However, observational studies also include risks and relevant questions to be discussed. This article aims to present and discuss the ethical aspects involved in the implementation of ELSA-Brasil, a longitudinal multicenter study, with public funding, in which the research subjects and investigators are employees of the same institutions.

[Participants recruitment in ELSA-Brasil (Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health)].

Objective: To present the recruitment and communication strategies of the ELSA-Brasil (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto - Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health).

Methods: The strategies were directed at dissemination, institutionalization and recruitment. The communication actions intended to promote the strengthening of a positive institutional image for the study, knowledge management and an effective dialogue with its target audience.

Socioeconomic inequalities in youth smoking in Brazil.

Objective: The contribution of smoking to socioeconomic inequalities in health is increasing worldwide, including in Brazil. Youth smoking may play an important role in the increasing social inequalities related to smoking. This study investigates social determinants of smoking among 15-year-old to 19-year-old individuals.

Do patients and physicians agree on diabetes management? A study conducted in public healthcare centres in Brazil.

Objective: To explore to what extent patients with diabetes agree with their physicians on diabetes management and whether the agreement varies according to patients' socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with diabetes and their Family Health physicians in 108 healthcare centres in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Patients and physicians were interviewed face-to-face using standard questionnaires.