Pathways for plasmalemmal repair mediated by PKA, Epac, and cytosolic oxidation in rat B104 cells in vitro and rat sciatic axons ex vivo.

Plasmalemmal repair (sealing) is necessary for survival of damaged eukaryotic cells. Ca(2+) influx through plasmalemmal disruptions activates pathways that initiate sealing, which is commonly assessed by exclusion of extracellular dye. These sealing pathways include PKA, Epac, and cytosolic oxidation.