A longitudinal study of motor performance and striatal [18F]fluorodopa uptake in Parkinson's disease.

Although [(18)F]fluoro-L: -dopa [FDOPA] positron emission tomography (PET) has been used as a surrogate outcome measure in Parkinson's disease therapeutic trials, this biomarker has not been proven to reflect clinical status longitudinally. We completed a retrospective analysis of relationships between computerized sampling of motor performance, FDOPA PET, and clinical outcome scales, repeated over 4 years, in 26 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 11 healthy controls. Mixed effects analyses showed that movement time and tongue strength best differentiated PD from control subjects.

Potential of magnetization transfer MRI for target volume definition in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To develop a magnetization transfer (MT) module in conjunction with a single-shot MRI readout technique and to investigate the MT phenomenon in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as an adjunct for radiation therapy planning.

Materials And Methods: A total of 10 patients with inoperable NSCLC were investigated using a 1.5T MR scanner.

Memory for famous faces and the temporal pole: functional imaging findings in temporal lobe epilepsy.

The ability to recognize, name, and provide information about famous persons is deficient in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), although the neural basis for these deficits is not well understood. We examined the relationship of resting metabolism of the temporal poles, as determined by [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, to performance on a task of famous face recognition, naming, and generation of semantic information in 12 patients with TLE. Correlations between metabolic measures of the temporal poles and performance on the Famous Faces Task revealed strong relationships between all aspects of the Famous Faces Task and the left temporal pole, whereas Famous Faces Task correlations with the right temporal pole were not significant.

Noninvasive mapping of regional response to segmental allergen challenge using magnetic resonance imaging and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Magnetic resonance (MR) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging techniques were coregistered to demonstrate regional ventilation and inflammation in the lung for in vivo, noninvasive evaluation of regional lung function associated with allergic inflammation. Four Brown Norway rats were imaged pre- and post segmental allergen challenge using respiratory-gated He-3 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize ventilation, T(1)-weighted proton MRI to depict inflammatory infiltrate, and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET to detect regional glucose metabolism by inflammatory cells. Segmental allergen challenges were delivered and the pre- and postchallenge lung as well as the contralateral lung were compared.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is required for developmental closure of the ductus venosus in the neonatal mouse.

A developmental role for the Ahr locus has been indicated by the observation that mice harboring a null allele display a portocaval vascular shunt throughout life. To define the ontogeny and determine the identity of this shunt, we developed a visualization approach in which three-dimensional (3D) images of the developing liver vasculature are generated from serial sections. Applying this 3D visualization approach at multiple developmental times allowed us to demonstrate that the portocaval shunt observed in Ahr-null mice is the remnant of an embryonic structure and is not acquired after birth.

Memory relationships between MRI volumes and resting PET metabolism of medial temporal lobe structures.

Prior studies of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients showed that MRI volumes and resting PET scan measures of temporal lobe structures were related to memory. Weintrob and colleagues [Ann. Neurol.

A controlled quantitative MRI volumetric investigation of hippocampal contributions to immediate and delayed memory performance.

MRI volumetric TLE studies show inconsistent evidence of hippocampal involvement in memory. Prior studies have not dissociated hippocampal and temporal lobe contributions to memory. We measured hippocampal and temporal lobe volumes and immediate/delayed memory performances in 64 TLE patients.

Whole-body positron emission tomography in patients with HIV-1 infection.

Positron emission tomography with fluorine-18-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) detects active lymphoid tissues during HIV-1 infection in man. We used FDG-PET to study anatomical correlates of HIV-1 infection in man. Whole-body FDG-PET images from 15 patients with HIV-1 showed distinct lymphoid tissue activation in the head and neck during acute disease, a generalised pattern of peripheral lymph-node activation at mid-stages, and involvement of abdominal lymph nodes during late disease.