Shikonin Causes Non-apoptotic Cell Death in B16F10 Melanoma.

Background: Melanoma treatment is highly resistant to current chemotherapeutic agents. Due to its resistance towards apoptotic cell death, non-apoptotic cell death pathways are sought after.

Objective: We investigated a Chinese herbal medicine, shikonin, and its effect on B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro.

Medical Students' Diagnostic Accuracy and Treatment Plans.

Physician-mentored patient rounds (PMPR) were used to assess diagnostic accuracy and treatment plans of preclinical medical students. During 4 PMPR sessions, students gathered patient history, observed a physical exam, analyzed diagnostic tests, and developed treatment plans for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Of 470 students, 99.

Physician-Mentored Patient Rounds to Observe and Assess Entrustable Professional Activities 1 and 2 in Preclinical Medical Students.

Context: Thirteen entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for entering residency were created to aid medical educators as they prepare preclinical students for their residency and to assess student readiness for residency. The A.T.

The immediate effect of individual manipulation techniques on pulmonary function measures in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The use of manipulation has long been advocated in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but few randomized controlled clinical trials have measured the effect of manipulation on pulmonary function. In addition, the effects of individual manipulative techniques on the pulmonary system are poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effects of four osteopathic techniques on pulmonary function measures in persons with COPD relative to a minimal-touch control protocol.