Modified Bethesda criteria for thyroid aspirates significantly decrease nondiagnostic rates without decreasing sensitivity.

Introduction: Previous studies suggest that the adequacy rate of thyroid aspirates can be improved by altering the adequacy criteria of the Bethesda System. We sought to measure the performance of these altered criteria in a prospective fashion.

Materials And Methods: Over a 6-year period, cases with 1 to 59 follicular cells were prospectively classified as "nondiagnostic, favor benign" or "scant but adequate".

A nested case-control study of serum polychlorinated biphenyls and papillary thyroid cancer risk among U.S. military service members.

Background And Objectives: Although polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were banned decades ago, populations are continuously exposed to PCBs due to their persistence and bioaccumulation/biomagnification in the environment. Results from limited epidemiologic studies linking PCBs to thyroid cancer have been inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the association between individual PCBs and PCB mixture and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common thyroid cancer histologic subtype.

Impact of Transoral Endoscopic Vestibular Approach Thyroidectomy on Pathologic Assessment.

Context.—: Since 2016, transoral endoscopic thyroid resection with vestibular approach (TOETVA) has been increasingly performed in the United States. Although guidelines for the procedure are evolving, indeterminate and malignant preoperative cytopathologic diagnoses are not a contraindication.

Dietary patterns and thyroid cancer risk: a population-based case-control study.

Purpose: Thyroid cancer (TC) incidence has increased greatly during the past decades with a few established risk factors, while the relationship between dietary factors and TC remains unclear. Limited literature has investigated the association with inconsistent findings.

Methods: We examined the association between dietary pattern and risk of TC in a population based case-control study conducted in Connecticut (2010-2011).

Genetic susceptibility may modify the association between cell phone use and thyroid cancer: A population-based case-control study in Connecticut.

Emerging studies have provided evidence on the carcinogenicity of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) from cell phones. This study aims to test the genetic susceptibility on the association between cell phone use and thyroid cancer. Population-based case-control study was conducted in Connecticut between 2010 and 2011 including 440 thyroid cancer cases and 465 population-based controls with genotyping information for 823 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 176 DNA genes.

Phytoestrogens and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Connecticut.

Background: Very few previous studies have examined the relationship between thyroid cancer risk and intake of phytoestrogens (PE); furthermore, these studies have reached inconsistent results.

Methods: We analyzed data from a population-based case-control study in Connecticut from 2010 to 2011, including 387 histologically confirmed thyroid cancer cases and 433 population-based controls, with compound data available concerning specific PEs. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between specific PEs and the risk of thyroid cancer, adjusting for potential confounders.

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, Polybrominated Biphenyls, and Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study.

A nested case-control study was carried out using data from the US Department of Defense cohort between 2000 and 2013 to investigate the associations of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated biphenyls. This study included 742 histologically confirmed PTC cases (in 341 women and 401 men) and 742 matched controls with prediagnostic serum samples from the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Lipid-corrected serum concentrations of 8 congeners were measured.

Volume-outcome relationship in parathyroid surgery.

Background: Since its first description, several studies have highlighted the role of the surgeon's experience in the outcome of parathyroid surgery, however, no uniform consensus exists regarding the minimum operative experience required for good surgical outcomes. This work aims to summarize the current data regarding the surgeon volume-outcome relationship for parathyroidectomy.

Methods: An electronic literature review identified 85 publications, and after study selection 11 were included.

Cell phone use and risk of thyroid cancer: a population-based case-control study in Connecticut.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the association between cell phone use and thyroid cancer.

Methods: A population-based case-control study was conducted in Connecticut between 2010 and 2011 including 462 histologically confirmed thyroid cancer cases and 498 population-based controls. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for associations between cell phone use and thyroid cancer.

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Population Based Case-Control Study in Connecticut.

Background: Studies examining the association between alcohol consumption and thyroid cancer risk have been inconsistent, in part due to varying types and amounts of alcohol consumption, incomplete information on confounders, and variations in genetic susceptibility in study populations.

Methods: The present study analyzed data from a population-based case-control study in Connecticut in 2010-2011 including 462 histologically confirmed incident thyroid cancer cases and 498 population-based controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations between alcohol consumption and risk of thyroid cancer.

Germline Variants in DNA Repair Genes, Diagnostic Radiation, and Risk of Thyroid Cancer.

Radiation exposure is a well-documented risk factor for thyroid cancer; diagnostic imaging represents an increasing source of exposure. Germline variations in DNA repair genes could increase risk of developing thyroid cancer following diagnostic radiation exposure. No studies have directly tested for interaction between germline mutations and radiation exposure.

Endocrine Surgery: A Hopkins Legacy.

: The field of Endocrine Surgery is linked to extraordinary contributions made by Hopkins leaders in surgery including William Stewart Halsted, Harvey Cushing, and John L Cameron. Halsted's contributions to the anatomic basis of thyroid and parathyroid surgery were based on his experimental and clinical work performed at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Halsted's disciple, Harvey Cushing, created the field of modern neurosurgery and recognized the disease and syndrome that are immortalized with his name.

Use of Dietary Vitamin Supplements and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Connecticut.

Unlabelled: Certain dietary supplements have been reported to increase the risk of some cancers. Over half of the US population regularly uses dietary supplements. Thyroid cancer incidence has increased over the past several decades.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Thyroid Hormones, and Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study.

The effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones on the development of human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain poorly understood. The study population consisted of 741 (341 women, 400 men) histologically confirmed PTC cases and 741 matched controls with prediagnostic serum samples stored in the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Concentrations of TSH, total T3, total T4, and free T4 were measured in serum samples.

Occupational exposure to pesticides and other biocides and risk of thyroid cancer.

Objectives: To assess the associations between occupational exposure to biocides and pesticides and risk of thyroid cancer.

Methods: Using data from a population-based case-control study involving 462 incident thyroid cancer cases and 498 controls in Connecticut collected in 2010-2011, we examined the association with occupational exposure to biocides and pesticides through a job-exposure matrix. We used unconditional logistic regression models to estimate OR and 95% CI, adjusting for potential confounders.

The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for Definitive Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Importance: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common clinical problem for which the only definitive management is surgery. Surgical management has evolved considerably during the last several decades.

Objective: To develop evidence-based guidelines to enhance the appropriate, safe, and effective practice of parathyroidectomy.

Primary hyperparathyroidism with normal baseline intraoperative parathyroid hormone: A challenging population.

Background: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and baseline intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels in the normal range are challenging. This study compares the predictive value of a commonly used intraoperative parathyroid hormone algorithm, a software model for cure prediction, and surgeon judgment in this population.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism at a single institution from March 2013 to October 2014.

Shifting patterns of genomic variation in the somatic evolution of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Cancer is increasingly understood to arise in the context of dynamically evolving genomes with continuously generated variants subject to selective pressures. Diverse mutations have been identified in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but unifying theories underlying genomic change are lacking. Applying a framework of somatic evolution, we sought to broaden understanding of the PTC genome through identification of global trends that help explain risk of tumorigenesis.

Dissection of Levels II Through V Is Required for Optimal Outcomes in Patients with Lateral Neck Lymph Node Metastasis from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Completeness of surgical resection is an important determinant of outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and regional lymph node metastasis. The extent of therapeutic lateral neck dissection remains controversial. This study aims to assess the impact of modified radical neck dissection of levels II to V in a large patient series.