Central Pathology in Spasmodic Dysphonia.

Introduction: Spasmodic dysphonia a voice disorder characterized by loss of voluntary control of vocal fold movements during speech production. The pathophysiology is not well understood, but there have been proposed connections to areas within the brain such as the reticular formation surrounding the tractus solitarius, spinal trigeminal and ambiguus nuclei, inferior olive, and pyramids.

Objective: To determine whether there are differences on brain Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without gadolinium in patients affected by spasmodic dysphonia compared with those without to determine whether there is a central process involved in spasmodic dysphonia (SD) pathophysiology.

Racial Disparities in 30 Day Outcomes Following Total Laryngectomy.

Background: Despite the growing literature on racial disparities in the utilization of total laryngectomy (TL), and survival following the treatment of laryngeal cancers, there is a paucity of research in TL cohorts evaluating disparities in the immediate postoperative setting.

Methods: In a national multi-institutional cohort, TL cases between 2010 and 2021 were identified using relevant Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Logistic regression analyses investigated the association between race/ethnicity and adverse outcomes within 30 days postoperatively.

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Patients Who Received or Declined Nissen Fundoplication.

Objective: To evaluate whether Robotic or Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication (LNF) improves voice outcomes and symptoms in patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) compared to patients who were candidates for surgery but elected to receive treatment with antireflux medical management alone.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who visited the office of the senior author, received a diagnosis of LPR, and were candidates for LNF.

Office-Based Blue Laser Posterior Cordectomy in Patients with Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Novel Approach.

Objective: Bilateral vocal fold paralysis can be a disabling condition with an adverse impact on quality of life. Various glottal widening procedures to secure the airway have been described. These include total or partial arytenoidectomy with or without reinnervation, cordotomy, arytenoidopexy, and others.

Laryngeal Myasthenia Gravis in Voice Patients: Clinical, Serologic, and Neuromuscular Characterization of Seronegative Patients for Antibodies Against the Acetylcholine Receptor and Muscle-Specific Kinase.

Objective: Laryngeal myasthenia gravis (MG) is a focal manifestation of MG, and most patients are seronegative for antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of anti-AChR and anti-Musk antibodies in voice patients and to characterize the clinical and neuromuscular profiles of these patients in order to guide the diagnosis of laryngeal MG.

Study Design: This was a retrospective case-control study that included patients over the age of 18 who underwent laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) as part of their evaluation for neuromuscular junction dysfunction.

Detecting of Voice Fatigue With Artificial Intelligence.

Unlabelled: Voice fatigue (VF) has many symptoms and can occur after extended or brief voice use, depending on the presence or absence of voice pathology, and other factors. However, fatigue is difficult to detect and quantify through current approaches. This study explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the automatic detection and analysis of VF, presenting a novel approach to detect and monitor the condition.

Office-Based Blue Laser Therapy vs Thulium Laser Therapy for Reinke's Edema.

Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes of patients with Reinke's edema (RE) who were treated in-office using the blue laser vs those treated in-office using the thulium laser.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Methods: The medical records and video recordings of patients who underwent office-based thulium laser therapy for RE between November 2018 and July 2019, and office-based blue laser therapy for RE between November 2023 and March 2024 in a tertiary referral center were reviewed.

Photoangiolytic Lasers for Treatment of Benign Laryngeal Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of the 445-nm blue laser to the 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) and 532-nm potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser in the treatment of benign laryngeal lesions.

Data Sources: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL.

Review Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, databases were searched from inception through January 29, 2024, for studies reporting the use of photoangiolytic lasers for treatment of benign laryngeal lesions, including the 585-nm PDL, 532-nm KTP laser, and 445-nm blue laser.

Havana syndrome: Overview for otolaryngologists.

Havana Syndrome is used to describe the array of deficits seen in diplomats stationed in Cuba from August 2016 to September 2017. Patients from this cohort were clinically studied, investigating their symptoms, audition and vestibular deficits, and imaging abnormalities seen on MRI. The primary studies were retrospective, looking at how these symptoms could be classified or fit into diagnostic criteria.

Overlapping otolaryngologic surgery: Safety and efficacy.

Background: Surgical procedures scheduled staggered between two operating rooms increase efficiency by eliminating turnover time. However, the practice might increase the surgeon's fatigue. Overlapping surgery has been assumed to be safe because no critical portions of procedures are performed simultaneously in two rooms, but there is little evidence in the literature to support that assumption for otolaryngologic surgery, and there is no evidence comparing non-overlapping and overlapping surgical outcomes for a single surgeon with all confounding factors controlled.

Noninvasive Management of Voice Disorders: An Umbrella Review.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess published systematic reviews that discussed noninvasive management of voice disorders. An umbrella review was conducted to collect, organize, and summarize narratively all available pharmacologic and voice therapy interventions.

Study Design: Umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Patients' Demographics and Risk Factors in Voice Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews.

Objectives: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the systematic reviews that focus on the prevalence of voice disorders (VDs), associated risk factors, and the demographic characteristics of patients with dysphonia. An umbrella review was conducted to identify general research themes in voice literature that might guide future research initiatives and contribute to the classification of VDs as a worldwide health concern.

Study Design: Umbrella review of systematic reviews.