Demographic and clinical characteristics of New York City Health + Hospitals HIV Heart Failure (NYC4H cohort): cohort profile.

Purpose: Studies have elucidated that heart failure (HF) in people living with HIV manifests differently when compared with HF cases in the general population. This cohort aimed to examine the mortality risk factors, including biological and social factors, as well as suitable medical interventions to prevent death in this population.

Participants: The New York City Health+Hospitals HIV Heart Failure (NYC4H) cohort encompassed records from 11 major hospital sites.

Aortic Stenosis Management in Patients With Acute Hip Fracture.

The treatment of severe aortic stenosis (SAS) has evolved rapidly with the advent of minimally invasive structural heart interventions. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has allowed patients to undergo definitive SAS treatment achieving faster recovery rates compared to valve surgery. Not infrequently, patients are admitted/diagnosed with SAS after a fall associated with a hip fracture (HFx).

Comparison of In-Hospital Outcomes between Early and Late Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Observational Study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether early initiation of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in patients presenting with acute pulmonary embolism is associated with improved in-hospital outcomes. A retrospective cohort was extracted from the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database, consisting of 21,730 weighted admissions undergoing CDT acute PE. From the time of admission, the sample was divided into early (<48 h) and late interventions (>48 h).

Differential Mortality Among Heart Failure Patients Across Different COVID-19 Surges in New York City.

Learning from the healthcare system's response to the COVID-19 pandemic is essential to better prepare for potential future crises. We sought to assess mortality rates for patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure (HF) and to analyze which factors demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with this primary endpoint. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of acute decompensated HF within the New York City Health and Hospitals 11-hospital system across the different COVID surge periods.

Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Marantic Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 416 Reports.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a distinctive condition marked by the presence of aseptic fibrin depositions on cardiac valves due to hypercoagulability and endocardial damage. There is a scarcity of large cohort studies clarifying factors associated with morbidity and mortality of this condition. A systematic literature review was performed utilizing the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web-of-Science databases to retrieve case reports and series documenting cases of NBTE from inception until September-2022.

Comparison of in-hospital outcomes and complications of left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman device between males and females.

Aims: Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with WATCHMAN device is being used for patients with atrial fibrillation (AFB) and, as an off-label use, atrial flutter (AFL) who can't comply with long-term anticoagulation. We aim to study the differences in outcomes between sexes in patients undergoing Watchman device implantation.

Methodology: The National Inpatient Sample was queried between 2016 and 2019 using ICD-10 clinical modification codes I48x for AFB and AFL.

Right-to-Left Shunt in Divers with Neurological Decompression Sickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the presence of a right-to-left shunt (RLS) and neurological decompression sickness (NDCS) and asymptomatic brain lesions among otherwise healthy divers.

Background: Next to drowning, NDCS is the most severe phenotype of diving-related disease and may cause permanent damage to the brain and spinal cord. Several observational reports have described the presence of an RLS as a significant risk factor for neurological complications in divers, ranging from asymptomatic brain lesions to NDCS.

The Difference Between Cystatin C- and Creatinine-Based Estimated GFR in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights From PARADIGM-HF.

Rationale & Objective: The clinical implications of the discrepancy between cystatin C (cysC)- and serum creatinine (Scr)-estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are unknown.

Study Design: Post-hoc analysis of randomized trial data.

Setting & Participants: 1,970 patients with HFrEF enrolled in PARADIGM-HF with available baseline cysC and Scr measurements.

Antiplatelet therapy for coronary artery disease in 2023: current status and future prospects.

Introduction: Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone for prevention and management of ischemic complications among patients with coronary artery disease. Over the past decades, advancement in stent technologies and increasing awareness about the prognostic impact of major bleeding have led to evolving priorities in the management of antithrombotic regimens, from exclusive concerns regarding recurrent ischemic events to an individualized equipoise between ischemic and bleeding risk through a patient-centered comprehensive approach.

Areas Covered: The purpose of this review is to highlight the current evidence that supports the various management strategies for antiplatelet therapy and discuss future directions of pharmacological regimens for coronary syndromes.

Safety and efficacy of apixaban, dabigatran and rivaroxaban in obese and morbidly obese patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: A real-world analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation and heart failure are combined risk factors for thromboembolic events. Obese and morbidly obese individuals have been underrepresented in clinical trials studying safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).

Objectives: Study the comparative safety and efficacy of DOACs in obese and morbidly obese patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter, and concomitant congestive heart failure.

Reducing unnecessary routine laboratory testing for noncritically ill patients with COVID-19.

Background: Reducing unnecessary routine laboratory testing is a Choosing Wisely® recommendation, and new areas of overuse were noted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To reduce unnecessary repetitive routine laboratory testing for patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic across a large safety net health system.

Designs, Settings And Participants: This quality improvement initiative was initiated by the System High-Value Care Council at New York City Health + Hospitals (H + H), the largest public healthcare system in the United States consisting of 11 acute care hospitals.

The difference between cystatin C- and creatinine-based assessment of kidney function in acute heart failure.

Aims: Acute heart failure (HF) is associated with muscle mass loss, potentially leading to overestimation of kidney function using serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR ). Cystatin C-based eGFR (eGFR ) is less muscle mass dependent. Changes in the difference between eGFR and eGFR may reflect muscle mass loss.

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of infective endocarditis: a single-center retrospective study in the Bronx, New York.

Objective: There is paucity of data on the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical characteristics of patients admitted with infective endocarditis (IE) in the Bronx, New York.

Patient And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at Jacobi Medical Center, a tertiary care hospital in the Bronx. All adult patients who were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of new-onset IE between January 1st, 2010 and September 30th, 2020 were included.

Exploring the Changes in Code Status During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Implications for Future Pandemic Care.

We aim to explore patterns of inpatient code status during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with a similar timeframe the previous year, as well as utilization of palliative care services. This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the Montefiore Health system of all inpatient admissions between March 15-May 31, 2019 and March 15-May 31, 2020. Univariate logistic regression was performed with full code status as the outcome.

Current Advancement in Diagnosing Atrial Fibrillation by Utilizing Wearable Devices and Artificial Intelligence: A Review Study.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia affecting 8-10% of the population older than 80 years old. The importance of early diagnosis of atrial fibrillation has been broadly recognized since arrhythmias significantly increase the risk of stroke, heart failure and tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy with reduced cardiac function. However, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation is often underestimated due to the high frequency of clinically silent atrial fibrillation as well as paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, both of which are hard to catch by routine physical examination or 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).

Statin Use in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Comprehensive Analysis of the New York City Public Hospital System.

Introduction: Statins have been commonly used for primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. We hypothesized that statins may improve in-hospital outcomes for hospitalized patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to its known anti-inflammatory effects.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at the largest municipal health care system in the United States, including adult patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 1 and December 1, 2020.

Elevated red cell distribution width and cardiovascular mortality in ASCVD risk cohorts: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).

Background: Although red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, the relationship between an elevated RDW and cardiovascular mortality among various ASCVD risk groups is unknown.

Methods: We utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III, which uses a complex, multistage, clustered design to represent the civilian, community-based US population. Out of 30,818 subjects whose data were entered during the 1988-1994 period, 8884 subjects over 40 years of age, representing a weighted sample of 85,323,902 patients, were selected after excluding missing variables.

Pulmonary Embolism Response Team (PERT) - A New Paradigm for the Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. Patients with PE can present with a wide array of symptoms, ranging from mild to life threatening. The mainstay of PE treatment is anticoagulation; however, many advanced options are available for more severe patients, including catheter- directed interventions, surgical treatments, and hemodynamic support.

Cardiogenic shock complicating multisystem inflammatory syndrome following COVID-19 infection: a case report.

Background: With the high prevalence of COVID-19 infections worldwide, the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is becoming an increasingly recognized entity. This syndrome presents in patients several weeks after infection with COVID-19 and is associated with thrombosis, elevated inflammatory markers, hemodynamic compromise and cardiac dysfunction. Treatment is often with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg).

Day-to-day variation in sleep duration is associated with increased all-cause mortality.

Study Objectives: There is a paucity of data on the association between day-to-day variation in sleep pattern and all-cause mortality. We aimed to investigate whether day-to-day variation in sleep duration and onset of sleep are associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.

Methods: We used data belonging to 388 unique patients from the Midlife in the United States 2 Biomarker study (2004-2009).