Development and Diagnostic Potential of a Novel Bartonella henselae-Specific Immunoglobulin.

Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium and is the primary causative agent of Cat Scratch Disease (CSD). Although the prevalence of CSD is low in the human population, the possibility of developing multi-organ complications, especially in vulnerable individuals, remains a serious cause for concern. The immunofluorescent assay (IFA) is currently one of the most common laboratory tests for the detection of antibodies to B.

An Evaluation of Dose-Related HPV Vaccine Effectiveness Using Central Registries in Michigan.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine effectiveness (VE) evaluations provide important information for vaccination programs. We established a linkage between statewide central registries in Michigan to estimate HPV VE against and invasive cervical lesions (CIN3+).

Methods: We linked females in Michigan's immunization and cancer registries using birth records to establish a cohort of 773,193 women with known vaccination history, of whom 3,838 were diagnosed with CIN3+.

Vaccine Coverage Across the Life Course in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: January‒September 2020.

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization services across the life course. In this retrospective study, we used Michigan immunization registry data from 2018 through September 2020 to assess the number of vaccine doses administered, number of sites providing immunization services to the Vaccines for Children population, provider location types that administer adult vaccines, and vaccination coverage for children. Of 12 004 384 individual vaccine doses assessed, 48.

Decline in child vaccination coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic - Michigan Care Improvement Registry, May 2016-May 2020.

This article describes a reduction in childhood vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may leave communities more vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases.

Decline in Child Vaccination Coverage During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Michigan Care Improvement Registry, May 2016-May 2020.

On March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national state of emergency to control the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). Public health response measures to mitigate the pandemic have centered on social distancing and quarantine policies, including shelter-in-place and stay-at-home orders. Michigan implemented a stay-at-home order on March 23, 2020, to facilitate social distancing (2).

Population Analysis of Anidulafungin in Infants to Older Adults With Confirmed or Suspected Invasive Candidiasis.

In a pooled population analysis, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of i.v. anidulafungin in four studies across a full range of adult and pediatric ages in patients with confirmed, suspected, or at high risk of invasive candidiasis (IC).

Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Anidulafungin in Patients 1 Month to <2 Years of Age With Invasive Candidiasis, Including Candidemia.

Nineteen patients 1 month to <2 years of age with (n = 16) or at high risk of (n = 3) invasive candidiasis received anidulafungin for 5-35 days (3 mg/kg day 1, 1.5 mg/kg daily thereafter) followed by optional fluconazole (NCT00761267). Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild/moderate, and no treatment-related deaths occurred.

Collaborative Learning in Radiology: From Peer Review to Peer Learning and Peer Coaching.

Background: A Radiology Research Alliance Task Force was assembled in 2018 to review the literature on peer review and report on best practices for peer learning and peer coaching.

Findings: This report provides a historical perspective on peer review and the transition to peer collaborative learning and peer coaching. Most forms of current peer review have fulfilled regulatory requirements but have failed to significantly impact quality improvement or learning opportunities.

Effect of intra-op morphine on children with OSA undergoing tonsillectomy.

Objectives: 1. To compare outcomes after tonsillectomy for pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) given morphine intra-operatively and post operatively compared to those who were not - specifically Recovery Room (RR) time, length of stay (LOS), Emergency Department (ER) visits.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with chart review.

Down regulation of p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase in petunia uniquely alters the profile of emitted floral volatiles.

Petunia × hybrida cv 'Mitchell Diploid' floral volatile benzenoid/phenylpropanoid (FVBP) biosynthesis ultimately produces floral volatiles derived sequentially from phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, and p-coumaric acid. In an attempt to better understand biochemical steps after p-coumaric acid production, we cloned and characterized three petunia transcripts with high similarity to p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT), and caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE). Transcript accumulation of PhC3H and PhHCT was highest in flower limb tissue during open flower stages.

Postoperative Bleeding Associated with Ibuprofen Use after Tonsillectomy: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: To better quantify the risk of ibuprofen-associated posttonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH).

Data Sources: PUBMED/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Clinical Trials Database.

Review Method: Literature searches were performed for English-language publications containing the terms , and from database inception to May 2017.

Reducing Door-to-Needle Times for Ischaemic Stroke to a Median of 30 Minutes at a Community Hospital.

Background: Alteplase is an effective treatment for ischaemic stroke patients, and it is widely available at all primary stroke centres. The effectiveness of alteplase is highly time-dependent. Large tertiary centres have reported significant improvements in their door-to-needle (DTN) times.

The mental demands of leadership in complex adaptive systems.

After a decade of calls for healthcare transformation, there is a convergence of themes in our general orienting models. The core metaphor of health system as machine (with closed boundaries, linear functions, and controlled predictable outputs) has given way to health as ecosystem (with open boundaries, non-linear functions, multiple interdependencies, and no single locus of control over outcomes). Current developmental psychology theory suggests that people construct their reality, and interact with their world, based on the epistemology (or "action-logic" or "mindset") of their stage of development.

Sleep study indices and early post-tonsillectomy outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between preoperative sleep study findings of children undergoing adenotonsillectomy anesthesia emergence time, recovery room time, and length of stay.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Association of ibuprofen use with post-tonsillectomy bleeding in older children.

Objective: Evaluate post-tonsillectomy outcomes in children discharged with ibuprofen versus those without.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of children who underwent tonsillectomy ± adenoidectomy from 2012 to 2016 at a tertiary care children's hospital. Main outcome measures included bleed rates, ER visits, and nurse phone calls.

Thinking about complexity in health: A systematic review of the key systems thinking and complexity ideas in health.

Rationale, Aims, And Objectives: As the Sustainable Development Goals are rolled out worldwide, development leaders will be looking to the experiences of the past to improve implementation in the future. Systems thinking and complexity science (ST/CS) propose that health and the health system are composed of dynamic actors constantly evolving in response to each other and their context. While offering practical guidance for steering the next development agenda, there is no consensus as to how these important ideas are discussed in relation to health.

Effect of aperture number on pollen germination, survival and reproductive success in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background And Aims: Pollen grains of flowering plants display a fascinating diversity of forms, including diverse patterns of apertures, the specialized areas on the pollen surface that commonly serve as the sites of pollen tube initiation and, therefore, might play a key role in reproduction. Although many aperture patterns exist in angiosperms, pollen with three apertures (triaperturate) constitutes the predominant pollen type found in eudicot species. The aim of this study was to explore whether having three apertures provides selective advantages over other aperture patterns in terms of pollen survival, germination and reproductive success, which could potentially explain the prevalence of triaperturate pollen among eudicots.

Navigating systems ideas for health practice: Towards a common learning device.

Systems thinking and reference to complexity science have gained currency in health sector practice and research. The extent to which such ideas might represent a mere passing fad or might more usefully be mobilized to tackle wicked problems in health systems is a concern underpinning this paper. Developing the usefulness of the systems idea requires appreciating how systems ideas are used essentially as constructs conceptually bounded by practitioners.

Vaccination Timeliness at Age 24 Months in Michigan Children Born 2006-2010.

Introduction: Delays in vaccination can stymie the development of herd immunity, and a large proportion of children in the U.S. are known not to receive vaccines on time.

The application of systems thinking concepts, methods, and tools to global health practices: An analysis of case studies.

Objectives: This review of systems thinking (ST) case studies seeks to compile and analyse cases from ST literature and provide practitioners with a reference for ST in health practice. Particular attention was given to (1) reviewing the frequency and use of key ST terms, methods, and tools in the context of health, and (2) extracting and analysing longitudinal themes across cases.

Methods: A systematic search of databases was conducted, and a total of 36 case studies were identified.

Community Involvement in Health Systems Strengthening to Improve Global Health Outcomes: A Review of Guidelines and Potential Roles.

Definitions of health systems strengthening (HSS) have been limited in their inclusion of communities, despite evidence that community involvement improves program effectiveness for many health interventions. We review 15 frameworks for HSS, highlighting how communities are represented and find few delineated roles for community members or organizations. This review raises the need for a cohesive definition of community involvement in HSS and well-described activities that communities can play in the process.

Nano-pulse stimulation (NPS) ablate tumors and inhibit lung metastasis on both canine spontaneous osteosarcoma and murine transplanted hepatocellular carcinoma with high metastatic potential.

Background: Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF), which is also termed as nano-pulse stimulation (NPS), has the potential of stimulating immune responses toward cancer cells. The current study investigates its local and systemic antitumor efficacy in vivo in late stage tumors with lung metastasis.

Method: The 12 canines with spontaneous osteosarcomas and 12 nude mice transplanted with human hepatocellular carcinoma were divided randomly and were given NPS treatment, surgery or no treatment control.

Efficacy of anidulafungin in 539 patients with invasive candidiasis: a patient-level pooled analysis of six clinical trials.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of anidulafungin for the treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis in a large dataset, including patients with deep-seated tissue candidiasis, neutropenia and infection due to non- albicans Candida species.

Methods: Data were pooled from six prospective, multicentre, multinational studies: four open-label, non-comparative studies of anidulafungin and two double-blind, double-dummy, randomized studies of anidulafungin versus caspofungin (clinical trial registrations: NCT00496197, NCT00548262, NCT00537329, NCT00689338, NCT00806351 and NCT00805740; ClinicalTrials.gov).

Vaccine shot-limiting: Estimating the prevalence, indicators, and impact on vaccination status - Michigan, 2012.

Background: Concerns regarding vaccine safety and pain have prompted certain parents to limit the number of shots their child receives per visit. We estimated the prevalence of shot-limited children in Michigan, described their characteristics, assessed whether shot-limited children were up-to-date on recommended vaccinations, and investigated possible intervention points for vaccination education.

Methods: We analyzed vaccination registry and birth record data of children born in Michigan during 2012 who had ⩾2 vaccination visits, with ⩾1 visits after age 5months.

Safety of long-term use of linezolid: results of an open-label study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the long-term safety of linezolid in patients with chronic infections requiring treatment for ≥6 weeks. Enhanced monitoring for optic neuropathy was included to characterize the early development of this side effect and to identify ophthalmologic tests that might be valuable in early detection of this event.

Methods: This was a multicenter, open-label, pilot study of patients aged ≥18 years on long-term linezolid therapy.