In-Person, Remote, or Hybrid Instruction? A Quality Improvement Assessment of a Six Week Interprofessional Education Pathway Program for Undergraduate Pre-Health Students.

There is an emphasis on increasing the diversity of healthcare providers with the goal of reducing health disparities among racial/ethnic minorities. To support this initiative, pathway programs were designed to provide educational and career support to students belonging to racial/ethnic minorities or those who have challenges applying to or entering health professions. As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, pathway programs have assumed various instructional delivery formats (e.

Alterations in Local Peri-Infarct Blood Gases in Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a prevalent, devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality. Despite extensive research using animal models, significant gaps remain in understanding the pathological processes in human stroke. We previously developed a tissue bank to analyze the blood immediately proximal and distal to an intracranial thrombus in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (ClinicalTrials.

Republished: A lumbar arteriovenous fistula presenting with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus.

Pediatric spinal vascular malformations are rare entities that typically present with symptoms from their effect on surrounding structures. Here we report a unique case of lumbar spinal dural/perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) that presented with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. The previously healthy child presented with lethargy and headache, and initial imaging revealed only ventriculomegaly with trace intraventricular blood.

A lumbar arteriovenous fistula presenting with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus.

Pediatric spinal vascular malformations are rare entities that typically present with symptoms from their effect on surrounding structures. Here we report a unique case of lumbar spinal dural/perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) that presented with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. The previously healthy child presented with lethargy and headache, and initial imaging revealed only ventriculomegaly with trace intraventricular blood.

Integrating Diverse Disciplines to Enhance Interprofessional Competency in Healthcare Delivery.

Interprofessional education (IPE) typically involves clinical simulation exercises with students from medical and nursing schools. Yet, healthcare requires patient-centered teams that include diverse disciplines. Students from public health and informatics are rarely incorporated into IPE, signaling a gap in current educational practices.

Evaluation and Gap Analysis of Pediatric Disaster Preparedness Resources.

The goal of this research was to identify, summarize, and evaluate pediatric disaster preparedness resources in the United States and to identify areas that need improvement or further development. Using standard literature, gray literature and website reviews, relevant resources were identified and the 50 most relevant resources were studied in depth. Each resource was given a grade of A, B, or C based on content, format, quality, and thoroughness.

Creation of a Collaborative Disaster Preparedness Video for Daycare Providers: Use of the Delphi Model for the Creation of a Comprehensive Disaster Preparedness Video for Daycare Providers.

Objective: Eight million American children under the age of 5 attend daycare and more than another 50 million American children are in school or daycare settings. Emergency planning requirements for daycare licensing vary by state. Expert opinions were used to create a disaster preparedness video designed for daycare providers to cover a broad spectrum of scenarios.

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia possibly originates from the junctional gingival epithelium-an immunohistochemical study.

Aims: To immunohistochemically evaluate the cytokeratin (CK) pattern of expression in localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) as compared with the gingival epithelium (GE).

Methods And Results: Ten cases of LJSGH were semiquantitatively evaluated for the immunohistochemical pattern of CK1/10, CK4, CK8/18, and CK19. GE controls were taken from 10 cases of reactive gingival fibroepithelial hyperplasia.

Flapless cortical bone damage has no effect on medullary bone mesial to teeth being moved.

Introduction: In this study, we evaluated the effects of bone awl-induced damage to bone surrounding a tooth that was moved.

Methods: A randomized split-mouth design with 7 foxhounds was performed to evaluate protraction of the mandibular third premolars for 56 days with 200 g of orthodontic force. Before initiating tooth movements, a bone awl was used on the experimental side to create 60 buccal and lingual microfracture injuries to the cortical bone without a periosteal flap.

Academic-Community Partnership to Develop a Novel Disaster Training Tool for School Nurses: Emergency Triage Drill Kit.

As children spend approximately 28% of their day in school and disasters may strike at any time, it is important for school officials to conduct emergency preparedness activities. School nurses, teachers, and staff should be prepared to respond and provide support and first aid treatment. This article describes a collaborative effort within the Los Angeles Unified School District to enhance disaster preparedness.

Influence of powder composition and morphology on penetration of Gray and White ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide into dentin tubules.

This study examined the influence of powder composition and morphology on the penetration of Gray and White ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA, WMTA) and calcium hydroxide (CH) into open dentin tubules. GMTA, WMTA, and CH particle dimensions were analyzed by flow particle image analysis (FPIA). Penetration of open dentin tubules into dentin discs was studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Effects of pilot holes on longitudinal miniscrew stability and bony adaptation.

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to longitudinally evaluate the effects of pilot holes on miniscrew implant (MSI) stability and to determine whether the effects can be attributed to the quality or the quantity of bone surrounding the MSI.

Methods: Using a randomized split-mouth design in 6 skeletally mature female foxhound-mix dogs, 17 MSIs (1.6 mm outer diameter) placed with pilot holes (1.

Comparison of particle morphology between commercial- and research-grade calcium hydroxide in endodontics.

Ca(OH)2 aqueous slurry is widely used as an inter-appointment antimicrobial dressing in root canal treatment. The aim of this study was to quantify the particle size and shape of commercial-grade UltraCal XS (UC) and to compare it with that of research-grade Ca(OH)2 (RG) using a flow particle image analyzer (FPIA). The morphology and penetration inside the dentin tubules of the UC and RG particles were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Bony adaptation after expansion with light-to-moderate continuous forces.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biologic response of dentoalveolar bone to archwire expansion with light-to-moderate continuous forces.

Methods: With a split-mouth experimental design, the maxillary right second premolars of 7 adult male dogs were expanded for 9 weeks using passive self-ligating brackets (Damon Q; Ormco, Orange, Calif) and 2 sequential archwires (0.016 × 0.

AEGD programs: why now, why more?

With an increased number of dental schools graduating more dentists, along with the opening of new dental schools throughout the United States, more graduating dental students are considering utilizing Advanced Education in General Dentistry (AEGD) programs as a means to increase their understanding of the complexity of modern dentistry and to gain additional training and experience before heading into practice. This position paper describes how these programs can aid in transforming the face of dental education to address the needs of graduates and best educate the next generation of dental professionals. Its purpose is to examine reasons why dental students are choosing to participate in AEGD programs and to support a call for additional programs.

In vitro evaluation of dentinal tubule penetration and biomineralization ability of a new root-end filling material.

Introduction: Capasio is being developed as a new generation of endodontic material with potential use as a root-end filling material. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of Capasio and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to penetrate human dentinal tubules and examine the interaction of Capasio and MTA with a synthetic tissue fluid (STF) and root canal walls in extracted human teeth.

Methods: Root-end preparations were filled with Capasio or MTA, allowed to set for 4 weeks in STF, and then sectioned at 1, 2, and 3 mm from resected surface.

Effects of iodine in microbial control of dental treatment water.

Objective: To determine the effects of low levels of iodine constantly present in the dental unit water system on microbial control of dental treatment water and biofilm control.

Materials And Methods: This study used a dental unit water system simulator with eight dental unit waterline systems built to scale and function, each controlled via computer. Each of the eight units was operated independently, four units supplied with self-contained water reservoirs and four units supplied with municipal water.

Retreatability of a bioceramic root canal sealing material.

Introduction: The efficacy of retreatment techniques for BC Sealer (BCS) (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) removal has not yet been assessed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of solvent and rotary instrumentation in the removal of BCS when used in combination with gutta-percha (GP) as compared with AH Plus sealer (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK).

Methods: The mesiobuccal canals of 40 mandibular molars were instrumented and obturated with either GP/AH Plus with warm vertical compaction or GP/BCS using a single cone.

Evaluation of photodynamic therapy using a light-emitting diode lamp against Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth.

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with high-power lasers as the light source has been proven to be effective in disinfecting root canals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of PDT using toluidine blue O (TBO) and a low-energy light-emitting diode (LED) lamp after the conventional disinfection protocol of 6% NaOCl.

Methods: Single-rooted extracted teeth were cleaned, shaped, and sealed at the apex before incubation with Enterococcus faecalis for 2 weeks.

Assessment of hemostatic efficacy and osseous wound healing using HemCon dental dressing.

Introduction: Obtaining hemostasis in the surgical crypt during periradicular surgery is essential. It allows for improved visibility and contributes to a dry environment suitable for the placement of moisture-sensitive root-end filling material. Although current materials may not be moisture sensitive during setting, hemostasis is important for proper placement of root-end filling materials during apical surgery.

Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of new generation endodontic materials established by using primary osteoblasts.

Introduction: Generex A and Generex B (calcium silicate based), Capasio (calcium-phospho-alumino silicate based) along with Ceramicrete-D (magnesium phosphate based) are being introduced as a new generation of endodontic materials with the potential to facilitate bone healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of these new materials by using primary osteoblasts.

Methods: Primary osteoblasts were prepared from rat calvaria and exposed to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Generex A, Generex B, Capasio, and Ceramicrete-D prepared to standardized size and shape (n = 5).