Symptom validity indices for the Beck Depression Inventory-II: development and cross-validation in research and clinical samples.

The present study sought to cross validate the recently developed total score cut-off for the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and identify additional embedded symptom validity indices within this commonly used self-report depression measure. Study 1 included a research sample of 379 veterans with diagnostic subgroups of Current and Lifetime Depression and Current and Lifetime Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Study 2 included a clinical sample of 224 veterans with diagnostic subgroups of Current Depression, Lifetime Depression, and No Depression.

Neuropsychological Evaluation in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Neuropsychological evaluations can be helpful in the aftermath of traumatic brain injury. Cognitive functioning is assessed using standardized assessment tools and by comparing an individual's scores on testing to normative data. These evaluations examine objective cognitive functioning as well as other factors that have been shown to influence performance on cognitive tests (eg, psychiatric conditions, sleep) in an attempt to answer a specific question from referring providers.

A systematic review of the utility of continuous performance tests among adults with ADHD.

Objective: The clinical utility of continuous performance tests (CPTs) among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increasingly been brought under question. Therefore, the objective of this study was to systematically review the literature to investigate the clinical utility of various commercially available CPTs, including the Conner's Continuous Performance Test (CCPT), Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), Gordon Diagnostic System (GDS), and Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA) in the adult ADHD population.

Methods: This systematic review followed the a priori PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Evaluation of telehealth administration of MMPI symptom validity scales.

Introduction: Telehealth assessment (TA) is a quickly emerging practice, offered with increasing frequency across many different clinical contexts. TA is also well-received by most patients, and there are numerous guidelines and training opportunities which can support effective telehealth practice. Although there are extensive recommended practices, these guidelines have rarely been evaluated empirically, particularly on personality measures.

Base Rates of Performance and Symptom Validity Test Failures in Active Duty and Veteran Samples Referred for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Evaluation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine base rates of response bias in veterans and service members (SM) referred specifically for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) evaluation.

Method: Observational study of various performance validity tests (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) in a sample of SMs (n = 94) and veterans (n = 504) referred for clinical evaluation of ADHD.

Results: SVT and PVT failure rates were similar between the samples, but they were lower than previous Veterans Affairs (VA) and SM studies that were not exclusive to ADHD evaluations.

Classification accuracy and resistance to coaching of the Spanish version of the Inventory of Problems-29 and the Inventory of Problems-Memory: A simulation study with mTBI patients.

The present study aims to evaluate the classification accuracy and resistance to coaching of the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) and the IOP-Memory (IOP-M) with a Spanish sample of patients diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and healthy participants instructed to feign. Using a simulation design, 37 outpatients with mTBI (clinical control group) and 213 non-clinical instructed feigners under several coaching conditions completed the Spanish versions of the IOP-29, IOP-M, Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology, and Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. The IOP-29 discriminated well between clinical patients and instructed feigners, with an excellent classification accuracy for the recommended cutoff score (FDS ≥ .

An Executive Functioning Composite Does Not Moderate the Relationship Between Combat Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters.

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among U.S. combat Veterans, and associated with poor health and wellbeing.

Symptom validity indices in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5.

The use of symptom validity tests (SVTs) is standard practice in psychodiagnostic assessments. Embedded measures are indices within self-report measures. To date, no embedded SVTs have been identified in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).

Validation of the personality assessment inventory (PAI) cognitive bias (CBS) and cognitive bias scale of scales (CB-SOS) in a post-deployment veteran sample.

The present study evaluated the function of four cognitive, symptom validity scales on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), the Cognitive Bias Scale (CBS) and the Cognitive Bias Scale of Scales (CB-SOS) 1, 2, and 3 in a sample of Veterans who volunteered for a study of neurocognitive functioning. 371 Veterans (88.1% male, 66.

The Impact of Different Forms of Coaching on the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symtomatology (SIMS).

Background: Psychometric symptom validity instruments (SVTs) can be vulnerable to coaching, which can negatively affect their performance. Our aim was to assess the impact that different types of coaching may have on the sensitivity of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS).

Methods: A simulation design was used with 232 non-clinical adults divided into five experimental simulation conditions and 58 patients with anxious-depressive symptomatology derived from a traffic accident.

Preliminary evidence for digit span performance validity indicators within the neuropsychological assessment battery.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate multiple embedded performance validity indicators within the Digits Forward and Digits Backward subtests of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB), including Reliable Digit Span (RDS), as no published papers have examined embedded digit span validity indicators within these subtests of the NAB. Retrospective archival chart review was conducted at an outpatient neuropsychology clinic. Participants were 92 adults (ages 19-68) who completed NAB Digits Forward and Digits Backward, and the Word Choice Test (WCT).

Internalizing and externalizing comorbidity and symptom burden in a VA ADHD specialty evaluation clinic.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate psychiatric diagnosis and symptom comorbidity in veterans diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Study design was retrospective chart review from an ADHD evaluation clinic at a Veterans Affairs hospital. Participants were 227 military veterans who completed a standardized ADHD assessment and produced valid Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) profiles.

Operational Stress Control Service: An Organizational Program to Support Health Care Worker Well-Being.

Objective: This manuscript details the methods, outcomes, and lessons learned from a successful multi-dimensional, interdisciplinary, institutional response to HCW well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Operational Stress Control Service (OSCS) is a model for the prevention and management of stress and trauma implemented within an occupational system. Communication, Employee Wellness, and Intervention were targeted program aspects, adapted from an established US military protocol.

Self-reported neurobehavioral symptoms in combat veterans: An examination of NSI with mBIAS symptom validity scales and potential effects of psychological distress.

This study evaluated symptom validity scales from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptom Scale (mBIAS) in a sample of 338 combat veterans. Classification statistics were computed using the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) as the validity criterion. Symptom distress was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-5.

The Development and Validation of the Embedded Validity Indicator for the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an embedded measure of performance validity within the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB).

Method: This study involved a retrospective chart review at an outpatient neuropsychology clinic. Participants were 183 adults (ages 18-70) who completed the attention and memory modules of the NAB, as well as the Word Choice Test, Green's Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), and Green's Non-Verbal MSVT, as part of a clinical neuropsychological assessment (n = 147) or as part of a forensic neuropsychological evaluation (n = 36).

Performance validity and symptom validity tests: Are they measuring different constructs?

Objective: To evaluate the relationships among performance validity, symptom validity, symptom self-report, and objective cognitive testing.

Method: Combat Veterans ( = 338) completed a neurocognitive assessment battery and several self-report symptom measures assessing depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, sleep quality, pain interference, and neurobehavioral complaints. All participants also completed two performance validity tests (PVTs) and one stand-alone symptom validity test (SVT) along with two embedded SVTs.

Research Letter: Blast Exposure and Brain Volume.

Objective: To determine whether blast exposure is associated with brain volume beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and history of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Participants: One hundred sixty-three Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans, 86.

Number of Concussions Does Not Affect Treatment Response to Cognitive Rehabilitation Interventions Following Mild TBI in Military Service Members.

Objective: The study objective was to determine whether number of concussions would affect symptom improvement following cognitive rehabilitation (CR) interventions.

Method: Service members (N = 126) with concussion history completed a 6-week randomized control trial of CR interventions. Participants were stratified based on self-reported lifetime concussion frequency.

Symptom burden, validity, and cognitive performance in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans.

Introduction: The present study evaluates the complex relationships between symptom burden, validity, and cognition in a sample of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans to identify key characteristic symptoms and validity measures driving cognitive performance. We hypothesized that symptom and performance validity would account for poorer outcomes on cognitive performance beyond psychological symptoms.

Methods: Veterans ( = 226) completed a cognitive test battery, Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), Word Memory Test (WMT), and Miller Forensic Assessment Symptom Test (M-FAST).

A Review and Expert Opinion on the Neuropsychiatric Assessment of Motor Functional Neurological Disorders.

Functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND) is a prevalent and disabling condition at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry. Advances have been made in elucidating an emerging pathophysiology for motor FND, as well as in identifying evidenced-based physiotherapy and psychotherapy treatments. Despite these gains, important elements of the initial neuropsychiatric assessment of functional movement disorders (FND-movt) and functional limb weakness/paresis (FND-par) have yet to be established.

Test of Premorbid Functioning: You're Doing It Wrong, but Does It Matter?

Objective: Clarify procedures to correctly score Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF) and assess the accuracy of TOPF scores in the estimation of premorbid intellectual functioning.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, post-9/11 veterans (N = 233, 84.12% male) completed the TOPF, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV), and performance validity measures.

Pain interference and quality of life in combat veterans: Examining the roles of posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, and sleep quality.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the associations among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), sleep quality, pain interference, and quality of life in combat veterans.

Method: Veterans ( = 289, 86.51% male) completed the Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury, the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for , and measures of sleep quality, pain interference, and quality of life.