Surgical endoscopy education research: how are we doing?

Background: Surgical endoscopy (SE), the official journal of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons and the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery, is an important source of new evidence pertaining to surgical education in the field. However, qualitative deficiencies in medical education research have prompted medical education leaders to advocate for increased methodological rigor. The purpose of this study is to review the quality of education-focused research published through SE.

The Utility of Peers and Trained Raters in Technical Skill-based Assessments a Generalizability Theory Study.

Objective: The gold standard for evaluation of resident procedural competence is that of validated assessments from faculty surgeons. A provision of adequate trainee assessments is challenged by a shortage of faculty due to increased clinical and administrative responsibilities. We hypothesized that with a well constructed assessment instrument and training, there would be minimal differences in procedural assessments made by near-peer resident raters (RR), faculty raters (FR), and trained raters (TR).

A Novel Blended Curriculum for Communication of Informed Consent With Surgical Interns.

Background: Interns often conduct procedural informed consent discussions (ICDs), identified as a core entrustable professional activity. Deficiencies in the training process for ICDs span across specialties.

Objective: We provide evidence for a curriculum and assessment designed to standardize the training process and ensure ICD competency in surgical interns.

In situ interprofessional operating room simulations: Empowering learners in crisis resource management principles.

Background: Given the multifaceted nature of operating room teams, miscommunication at various perioperative stages leads to lapses in teamwork and communication, which potentiates adverse events. In situ interprofessional operating room simulations are a valuable tool in identifying the possible threats to patient safety in the operating room. Participant confidence may also increase; however, perceived confidence in specific areas of team communication in the clinical environment remains unclear.

A Generalizable Multimodal Scrub Training Curriculum in Surgical Sterile Technique.

Introduction: Recent endeavors from governing bodies such as the AAMC have formally recognized the importance of aseptic technique. AAMC guidelines include activities that all graduating physicians should be able to perform with minimum indirect supervision and were developed to recognize these needs. For example, the skills necessary for aseptic technique include daily safety habits and general physician procedures.

Well-Being without a Roof: Examining Well-Being among Unhoused Individuals Using Mixed Methods and Propensity Score Matching.

The morbidity and mortality experiences of people who are unhoused have been well-described, but much less is known about the overall well-being of these individuals. In this mixed methods study, housed and unhoused participants completed a multi-faceted 10 domain measure of well-being (the Stanford WELL Survey), and a subset of unhoused participants shared their experiences during qualitative interviews. Using propensity score matching, unhoused participants ( = 51) were matched at a ratio of 1:5 with housed participants ( = 255).

Preclinical Surgical Preparatory Course and the NRMP Match: Early Exposure and Surgical Recruitment a 10-Year Follow-Up.

Objective: Many medical students mentally commit to specialties prior to entering clerkships. This is why early preclinical interactions with surgical specialties, through mentorship and/or interest groups, increases the opportunity to nurture enthusiasm for surgery. In 2007, a course providing preclinical medical students with introductory surgical skills training and preparation for the surgical environment ("SURG205") was established at our institution.

Regulated drug bioanalysis for human pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug management.

Regulated drug bioanalysis (i.e., determination of drug concentrations in biological matrices for regulated studies) usually refers to animal toxicokinetics, bioavailability/bioequivalence and clinical pharmacokinetic studies.

Matrix effect and recovery terminology issues in regulated drug bioanalysis.

Understanding the meaning of the terms used in the bioanalytical method validation guidance is essential for practitioners to implement best practice. However, terms that have several meanings or that have different interpretations exist within bioanalysis, and this may give rise to differing practices. In this perspective we discuss an important but often confusing term - 'matrix effect (ME)' - in regulated drug bioanalysis.

Microanalysis of the antiretroviral nevirapine in human hair from HIV-infected patients by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Sufficient drug exposure is crucial for maintaining durable responses to HIV treatments. However, monitoring drug exposure using single blood samples only provides short-term information and is highly subject to intra-individual pharmacokinetic variation. Drugs can accumulate in hair over a long period of time, so hair drug levels can provide drug exposure information over prolonged periods.

Risk factors for persistent ductus arteriosus patency during indomethacin treatment.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that patent ductus arteriosus that fail to close with prostaglandin inhibition may be regulated by mechanisms that act independently of prostaglandin production.

Study Design: We examined a cohort of 446 infants who were treated with indomethacin (within 15 hours of birth) to inhibit prostaglandin production. We used multiple logistic regression modeling to determine which perinatal/neonatal variables were most closely associated with the persistence of ductus patency in the presence of diminished prostaglandin production.