The master male sex determinant Gdf6Y of the turquoise killifish arose through allelic neofunctionalization.

Although sex determination is a fundamental process in vertebrate development, it is very plastic. Diverse genes became major sex determinants in teleost fishes. Deciphering how individual sex-determining genes orchestrate sex determination can reveal new actors in sexual development.

Gene regulation by convergent promoters.

Convergent transcription, that is, the collision of sense and antisense transcription, is ubiquitous in mammalian genomes and believed to diminish RNA expression. Recently, antisense transcription downstream of promoters was found to be surprisingly prevalent. However, functional characteristics of affected promoters are poorly investigated.

Radiation-Induced Cerebral Contrast Enhancements Strongly Share Ischemic Stroke Risk Factors.

Purpose: Radiation-induced cerebral contrast enhancements (RICE) are frequent after photon and particularly proton radiation therapy and are associated with a significant risk for neurologic morbidity. Nevertheless, risk factors are poorly understood. A more robust understanding of RICE risk factors is crucial to improve management and offer adaptive therapy at the outset and during follow-up.

Corrigendum: The impact of adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress symptoms on chronic pain.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.

The impact of adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress symptoms on chronic pain.

Introduction: Chronic pain is a prevalent worldwide health condition. The current study aimed to extend previous research that investigated the dynamics between chronic pain, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).

Method: Adult participants worldwide with chronic pain were recruited for this study ( = 199; 89% females).

TargetGeneReg 2.0: a comprehensive web-atlas for p53, p63, and cell cycle-dependent gene regulation.

In recent years, our web-atlas at www.TargetGeneReg.org has enabled many researchers to uncover new biological insights and to identify novel regulatory mechanisms that affect p53 and the cell cycle - signaling pathways that are frequently dysregulated in diseases like cancer.

Locus-specific expression analysis of transposable elements.

Transposable elements (TEs) have been associated with many, frequently detrimental, biological roles. Consequently, the regulations of TEs, e.g.

Worldwide variations in artificial skyglow.

Despite constituting a widespread and significant environmental change, understanding of artificial nighttime skyglow is extremely limited. Until now, published monitoring studies have been local or regional in scope, and typically of short duration. In this first major international compilation of monitoring data we answer several key questions about skyglow properties.

Scrib:Rac1 interactions are required for the morphogenesis of the ventricular myocardium.

Aims: The organization and maturation of ventricular cardiomyocytes from the embryonic to the adult form is crucial for normal cardiac function. We have shown that a polarity protein, Scrib, may be involved in regulating the early stages of this process. Our goal was to establish whether Scrib plays a cell autonomous role in the ventricular myocardium, and whether this involves well-known polarity pathways.

Coexistence of psoriasis and pemphigoid--only a coincidence?

It has previously been reported that pemphigoid coexists with psoriasis more frequently than it could be predicted on the basis of random distribution in the general population. In this study we present three psoriatic patients who developed tense blisters, which most likely were not provoked by anti-psoriatic treatment. Diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid in these cases was established by an overlay antigen mapping technique by laser confocal microscopy, immunoblotting and ELISA.

Pediatric kidney stones: long-term outcomes.

Objectives: To determine the specific risks for recurrent stone disease and which initial evaluations resulted in an effective reduction of risk, we undertook a long-term follow-up study of children who had experienced upper tract urinary stones.

Methods: Identified patients were contacted and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The patient data were subcategorized and analyzed.

Reliable manual segmentation of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes on magnetic resonance images of healthy subjects.

Background: It is a challenge to reliably measure the lobar volumes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.

Objective: Description of a landmark-based method for volumetric segmentation of the brain into the four cerebral lobes from MR images.

Method: The segmentation method relies on a combination of anatomical landmarks and geometrical definitions.

The Canadian Enuresis Study and Evaluation--short- and long-term safety and efficacy of an oral desmopressin preparation.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term (12 months) efficacy and safety of oral desmopressin (DDAVP).

Material And Methods: A total of 256 healthy children (6-18 years old) with nocturnal enuresis with a frequency of > or = 10 wet nights during a 4-week observation period were eligible for inclusion in the study. Initially 0.

Age transformation of combined hippocampus and amygdala volume improves diagnostic accuracy in Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: The specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based hippocampal measurements in detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is reduced by an age-related reduction of the hippocampus volume. We propose an adjustment for this age effect to increase the diagnostic accuracy of hippocampal volumes in AD.

Method: Using an orthogonal rotational transformation of the coordinate system, values of MRI-determined volumes of hippocampus-amygdala formation (HAF) were transformed according to the age effect in 27 AD patients and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.