Single Gland, Ectopic Location: Adenomas are Common Causes of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children and adolescents is uncommon. Data-driven guidelines for management in pediatric patients are limited.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients (1997-2017) with PHPT ≤ 21 years of age who underwent parathyroidectomy at three institutions.

Single-Incision Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Children And Conversion to Multiport Appendectomy.

Background: Single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) in the pediatric population has been well described. Our children's hospital has adopted this modality for nearly all appendectomies. From our center's experience, we hoped to identify factors that portend conversion from SILA to multiport appendectomy.

Prostate specific membrane antigen produces pro-angiogenic laminin peptides downstream of matrix metalloprotease-2.

Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a pro-angiogenic cell-surface protease that we previously demonstrated regulates blood vessel formation in a laminin and integrin β1-dependent manner. Here, we examine the principal mechanism of PSMA activation of integrin β1. We show that digesting laminin sequentially with recombinant matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) and PSMA generates small peptides that enhance endothelial cell adhesion and migration in vitro.