Image registration for accurate electrode deformation analysis in operando microscopy of battery materials.

Operando imaging techniques have become increasingly valuable in both battery research and manufacturing. However, the reliability of these methods can be compromised by instabilities in the imaging setup and operando cells, particularly when utilizing high-resolution imaging systems. The acquired imaging data often include features arising from both undesirable system vibrations and drift, as well as the scientifically relevant deformations occurring in the battery sample during cell operation.

Molecular mechanism of ectopic lipid accumulation induced by methylglyoxal via activation of the NRF2/PI3K/AKT pathway implicates renal lipotoxicity caused by diabetes mellitus.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high incidence of dyslipidemia comprising high triglyceride (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. An abnormal increase of TGs within cells can lead to intracellular lipid accumulation. In addition to dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia in diabetes may elicit ectopic lipid deposition in non-adipose tissues.

-Synephrine Indicates Internal Maturity of (L.) Osbeck cv. Mato Peiyu-Reclaiming Functional Constituents from Nonedible Parts.

The processing of Osbeck cv. Mato Peiyu (CGMP) fruits generates a considerable amount of waste, mainly the flavedo, albedo, and segment membrane; the generated waste yields severe environmental and economic challenges. In this study, we tried to reclaim some functional chemicals from the waste.

Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be approximately about 25.24% of the population worldwide. NAFLD is a complex syndrome and is characterized by a simple benign hepatocyte steatosis to more severe steatohepatitis in the liver pathology.

Molecular Action Mechanism of Coixol from Soft-Shelled Adlay on Tyrosinase: The Future of Cosmetics.

var. L. Gramineae is widely cultivated in Taiwan.

Nutrient composition of Koidz. bran: Fractionation and bioactivity of its soluble active polysaccharides.

Background: Koidz. Amaranthaceae-also known as Djulis or red quinoa (RQ)-is a cereal plant indigenous to Taiwan, known for its high nutrient value. However, its bran is considered a waste product and the nutrient value has never been analyzed.

Volatile Variation of Malvaceae L. Beans Cultivated in Taiwan Affected by Processing via Fermentation and Roasting.

After being harvested, cacao beans are usually subjected to very complex processes in order to improve their chemical and physical characteristics, like tastefulness with chocolate characteristic flavors. The traditional process consists of three major processing stages: fermentation, drying, and roasting, while most of the fermentation is carried out by an on-farm in-box process. In Taiwan, we have two major cocoa beans, the red and the yellow.

Styrylpyrones from Mycelia Alleviate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver by Modulating Lipid and Glucose Metabolic Homeostasis in High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice.

(PL), an edible and medicinal mushroom containing a diversity of styrylpyrone-type polyphenols, has been shown to have a broad spectrum of bioactivities. In this study, the submerged liquid culture in a 1600-L working volume of fermentor was used for the large-scale production of PL mycelia. Whether PL mycelia extract is effective against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still unclear.

High-Purity Preparation of Enzyme Transformed Trans-Crocetin Reclaimed from Gardenia Fruit Waste.

The recovery of physiologically bioactive ingredients from agricultural wastes as an abundant and low-cost source for the production of high value-added mutraceuticlas has been recognized and supported for the commercial interests and sustainable managements. In the extraction of geniposide for the development of natural food colorants from the dried fruits of Rubiaceae, the gardenia fruit waste (GFW) still remaining 0.86% (/) of crocins has always been discarded without any further treatments Until now, there was no simple and effective protocol for high-purity -crocein (TC) preparation without the coexistence of non-biologically active -crocein from GFW.

Bicalutamide may enhance kidney injury in diabetes by concomitantly damaging energy production from OXPHOS and glycolysis.

Bicalutamide (Bic), frequently used in androgen-deprivation therapy for treating prostate cancer, was demonstrated to induce multiple apoptosis and fibrosis pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction in renal mesangial cells. Whether Bic also damages the glycolytic pathway has never been cited. To investigate this, we performed an in vitro model study with mesangial cells, and at the same time, collected data from an in vivo experiment.

Bicalutamide Exhibits Potential to Damage Kidney via Destroying Complex I and Affecting Mitochondrial Dynamics.

Bicalutamide (Bic) is an androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treating prostate cancer, while ADT is potentially associated with acute kidney injury. Previously, we recognized Bic induced renal mitochondria dysfunction in vitro and in vivo via the ROS -HIF1α pathway. Whether OXPHOS complex, as well as mitochondrial dynamics, can be influenced by Bic via modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1α (PGC1α), NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), mitofusins 1/2 (MFN 1/2), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), and sirtuins (SIRTs) has not been documented.

Performance of the Vancouver Risk Calculator Compared with Lung-RADS in an Urban, Diverse Clinical Lung Cancer Screening Cohort.

Purpose: To compare the performance of the Vancouver risk calculator (VRC) with the American College of Radiology's Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) for a lung cancer screening cohort in an urban, diverse clinical setting.

Materials And Methods: This study included a total of 486 patients with lung nodules (63 years ± 5.2 [standard deviation], 261 female patients), 448 of whom had lung nodules that were subsequently classified as benign and 38 of whom had those that were classified as malignant.

Potential Protection Effect of ER Homeostasis of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine Isolated from in Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Stimulated Human Proximal Tubular Cells.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belong to a class of universally and commonly used anti-inflammatory analgesics worldwide. A diversity of drawbacks of NSAIDs have been reported including cellular oxidative stress, which in turn triggers the accumulation of unfolded proteins, enhancing endoplasmic reticulum stress, and finally resulting in renal cell damage. (CC) has been used as a traditional medicine for improving renal function via its anti-inflammatory effects.

Cancer PRSweb: An Online Repository with Polygenic Risk Scores for Major Cancer Traits and Their Evaluation in Two Independent Biobanks.

To facilitate scientific collaboration on polygenic risk scores (PRSs) research, we created an extensive PRS online repository for 35 common cancer traits integrating freely available genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary statistics from three sources: published GWASs, the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog, and UK Biobank-based GWASs. Our framework condenses these summary statistics into PRSs using various approaches such as linkage disequilibrium pruning/p value thresholding (fixed or data-adaptively optimized thresholds) and penalized, genome-wide effect size weighting. We evaluated the PRSs in two biobanks: the Michigan Genomics Initiative (MGI), a longitudinal biorepository effort at Michigan Medicine, and the population-based UK Biobank (UKB).

Transjugular versus Transfemoral Transcaval Liver Biopsy: A Single-Center Experience in 500 Cases.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of transfemoral transcaval liver biopsies (TFTC) with that of transjugular liver biopsies (TJLB) at a single tertiary-care institution.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 500 consecutive transvenous liver biopsies between December 2010 and December 2018. The cases included 286 TFTC patients at a median age of 54 years old (interquartile range [IQR], 42-63 years of age), 37.

Manufacturing technology of banana-assorted breads: The fermentative characteristics affected by different banana cultivars.

Taiwan produces large quantities of bananas in the southern area. Recently, due to the export quantity has been greatly reduced, in order to efficiently maintain the banana agriculture and economy, the development of alternate uses of bananas has become urgently in need. Bananas contain a fair amount of nutrients with low glycemic index.

Bicalutamide Elicits Renal Damage by Causing Mitochondrial Dysfunction ROS Damage and Upregulation of HIF-1.

Combined androgen blockade using bicalutamide (Bic) is a therapeutic choice for treating prostate cancer (PCa). However, even at regular clinical dosages, Bic frequently shows adverse effects associated with cardiovascular and renal damage. Previously, we found that Bic selectively damaged mesangial cells compared to tubular cells and in an in vivo rat model, we also found renal damage caused by Bic.

Nifedipine Upregulates ATF6-α, Caspases -12, -3, and -7 Implicating Lipotoxicity-Associated Renal ER Stress.

Nifedipine (NF) is reported to have many beneficial effects in antihypertensive therapy. Recently, we found that NF induced lipid accumulation in renal tubular cells. Palmitic acid-induced renal lipotoxicity was found to be partially mediated by endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress, while it can also be elicited by NF in kidney cells; we examined the induction of suspected pathways in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Meeting ACR Dose Guidelines for CT Lung Cancer Screening in an Overweight and Obese Population.

Rationale And Objectives: Lung cancer screening adoption coincides with a growing obesity epidemic. Maintaining high-quality imaging at low radiation dose is challenging in obesity. We investigate the feasibility of meeting American College of Radiology (ACR) dose guidelines for lung cancer screening in a predominantly overweight and obese population.

Integrated anti-hyperlipidemic bioactivity of whole Citrus grandis [L.] osbeck fruits-multi-action mechanism evidenced using animal and cell models.

Changes in human life style have increased the incidence of obesity which has become a risk factor to human health. In Taiwan, the annual production of Citrus grandis [L.] reaches 75 000 tons, while the amount of waste fruits could reach 5%.

Astaxanthin Protects PC12 Cells against Homocysteine- and Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity.

Memory impairment has been shown to be associated with glutamate (Glu) excitotoxicity, homocysteine (Hcy) accumulation, and oxidative stress. We hypothesize that Glu and Hcy could damage neuronal cells, while astaxanthin (ATX) could be beneficial to alleviate the adverse effects. Using PC12 cell model, we showed that Glu and Hcy provoked a huge amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, causing mitochondrial damage at EC 20 and 10 mm, respectively.

Antrodan Alleviates High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Fatty Liver Disease in C57BL/6 Mice Model via AMPK/Sirt1/SREBP-1c/PPARγ Pathway.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and -steatohepatitis (NASH) imply a state of excessive fat built-up in livers with/or without inflammation and have led to serious medical concerns in recent years. Antrodan (Ant), a purified β-glucan from . has been shown to exhibit tremendous bioactivity, including hepatoprotective, antihyperlipidemic, antiliver cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Exploring various polygenic risk scores for skin cancer in the phenomes of the Michigan genomics initiative and the UK Biobank with a visual catalog: PRSWeb.

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are designed to serve as single summary measures that are easy to construct, condensing information from a large number of genetic variants associated with a disease. They have been used for stratification and prediction of disease risk. The primary focus of this paper is to demonstrate how we can combine PRS and electronic health records data to better understand the shared and unique genetic architecture and etiology of disease subtypes that may be both related and heterogeneous.

Renal Damaging Effect Elicited by Bicalutamide Therapy Uncovered Multiple Action Mechanisms As Evidenced by the Cell Model.

Bicalutamide (Bic) is frequently used in androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treating prostate cancer. ADT-induced hypogonadism was reported to have the potential to lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). ADT was also shown to induce bladder fibrosis via induction of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β level.

Effectiveness of Lung-RADS in Reducing False-Positive Results in a Diverse, Underserved, Urban Lung Cancer Screening Cohort.

Purpose: The Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) was created to standardize lung cancer screening CT reporting and recommendations but has not been well validated prospectively in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using Lung-RADS in a diverse, underserved, academic clinical screening program, focusing on whether Lung-RADS would successfully reduce the 23.3% false-positive rate found in the National Lung Screening Trial.