Water intoxication and symptomatic hyponatremia after outpatient surgery.

Unlabelled: Severe hyponatremia is associated with a mortality rate of more than 50%, primarily from cerebral edema and central nervous system dysfunction. Water intoxication is an unusual but potentially lethal cause of perioperative hyponatremia. We report a patient with severe postoperative hyponatremia resulting from excessive perioperative water consumption.

Correlation of a simple direct measurement of muscle pO(2) to a clinical ischemia index and histology in a rat model of chronic severe hindlimb ischemia.

Purpose: The lack of suitable experimental models of chronic severe limb ischemia and deficiencies in the available methods that allow for direct intermittent measurement of regional limb perfusion are obstacles to the evaluation of recently developed molecular strategies to reverse severe limb ischemia. Our aim was to develop a model of clinically relevant severe limb ischemia and correlate a simple direct measurement of muscle pO(2) to a clinical ischemia index, muscle mass, and capillary density.

Methods: Severe hindlimb ischemia was induced in 44 adult rats with ligation of the left common iliac artery, the femoral artery, and their branches.

Therapeutic angiogenesis for critical limb ischemia: invited commentary.

Lower extremity arterial occlusive disease results in tissue ischemia of the legs and is relatively common in the elderly. Clinically, it may be asymptomatic, cause muscle pain during exercise, or progress to a severe degree of ischemia that may result in limb loss. Although bypass surgery and angioplasty have increased the rate of limb salvage in these patients, amputation of the affected limb remains a common outcome for many patients.