Relationship of postprandial nonesterified fatty acids, adipokines, and insulin across gender in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Metabolic derangements are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects undergoing antiretroviral therapy, but little is known about postprandial conditions.

Methods: We investigated the relationship between leptin, adiponectin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and insulin in response to a day-long meal pattern and evaluated gender differences in HIV-positive men (n = 12) and women (n = 13) undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Results: For both men and women, a significant decrease in postprandial NEFA levels was observed following breakfast (0.

Increased lipoprotein remnant cholesterol levels in HIV-positive patients during antiretroviral therapy.

Increased levels of postprandial triglycerides (TG) and remnant like particles (RLP) are associated with cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether postprandial lipemia differed in HIV-positive patients with or without different antiretroviral regimens. A standardized high fat load was administered to 28 subjects: 11 HIV-positive subjects receiving protease inhibitors (PI), 10 HIV-positive subjects receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) and 7 HIV-positive subjects not receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART (Naïve).

Postprandial response to a physiologic caloric load in HIV-positive patients receiving protease inhibitor-based or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Features of the dyslipidemic pattern reported with the use of antiretroviral therapy predict enhanced postprandial lipemia, which is an emerging cardiovascular disease risk factor.

Objective: We evaluated the postprandial response to a physiologic, meal-based challenge in HIV-positive subjects without hyperlipidemia.

Design: We measured hourly lipid, lipoprotein, glucose, and insulin concentrations during a 13-h period in 25 nonwhite patients (13 women, 12 men): 13 receiving a protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen (6 nelfinavir and 7 indinavir) and 12 receiving a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimen (6 efavirenz and 6 nevirapine).