This review examines the surgical management of blunt chest trauma (BCT) within the first 48 hours after injury, utilizing 80 studies published over 20 years.
Key recommendations include providing immediate treatment for tension pneumothorax with needle decompression and chest tube insertion, and considering chest tube insertion for traumatic pneumothoraces exceeding 500 ml.
Advanced strategies such as Damage Control Thoracotomy are indicated for severe cases of air leakage or bleeding, while stable patients may benefit from early video-assisted thoracic surgery for retained haemothoraces.