Verification and Temperature-Dependent Rectification by HBQ, the Smallest Unimolecular Donor-Acceptor Rectifier.

Five years ago, rectification of electrical current was found in 4'-bromo-3,4-dicyano-2',5'-dimethoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2,5-dione (), a hemibiquinone (which we will call either or HBQ) that has a very small working length (1.1 nm). Monolayers of HBQ on Au were detected by "nanodozing" atomic force microscopy (AFM) and were contacted with two types of top electrodes: either cold Au or eutectic Ga-In.

Evaluation of a novel process for selecting advanced pharmacy practice experiences.

Introduction: Matching an increasing number of pharmacy students with a limited number of advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) sites has become challenging for pharmacy schools. Selective tiered optimization (STO), a process for matching students with competitive APPE electives, was implemented by The University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy (UMSOP) in 2015 to address these concerns. This pilot study sought to evaluate student and preceptor satisfaction with the process.

Comparison of Semi-Automated Versus Manual Quantitative Right Ventricular Assessment in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Quantitative echocardiographic evaluation is important for systemic right ventricles, but its asymmetric shape makes this challenging and time consuming when performed manually. Semi-automated software could make these quantitative measures easier to accomplish in the clinical setting. We hypothesized that semi-automated software would approximate manual measures of right ventricular size and function.

Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine disorders.

Neck pain from cervical spine disorders is the second-leading cause of musculoskeletal disorders. Neck pain can exist alone or with the presence of upper extremity symptoms. This review of evidence-based guidelines assists the provider in identifying and treating various cervical disorders.

Quo vadis, unimolecular electronics?

This paper reviews the present status of unimolecular electronics (UME). The field started in the 1970s with a hope that some day organic molecules (∼2 nm in size), when used as electronic components, would challenge Si-based inorganic electronics in ultimate-high-density integrated circuits. The technological push to ever smaller inorganic device sizes (Moore's "law") was driven by a profit motive and by vast investments.

Observation of current rectification by a new asymmetric iron(iii) surfactant in a eutectic GaIn|LB monolayer|Au sandwich.

In this paper we expand on the search for molecular rectifiers of electrical current and report on a hexacoordinate metallosurfactant [FeIII(LN3O)(OMe)2], where (LN3O)- is the deprotonated form of the new asymmetric ligand 2-((E)-((4,5-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-2-(((E)-pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)phenyl)imino)methyl)-4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol. This species rectifies current when deposited as a Langmuir-Blodget film in a "EGaIn/Ga2O3|LB|Au" sandwich with rectification ratios ranging from 25 to 300 at 1 Volt.

Modeling the structural origins of drug resistance to isoniazid via key mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalase-peroxidase, KatG.

WHO reported 10.4 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2015, making M.

Structure-based analysis of Bacilli and plasmid dihydrofolate reductase evolution.

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), a key enzyme in tetrahydrofolate-mediated biosynthetic pathways, has a structural motif known to be highly conserved over a wide range of organisms. Given its critical role in purine and amino acid synthesis, DHFR is a well established therapeutic target for treating a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic infections as well as certain types of cancer. Here we present a structural-based computer analysis of bacterial (Bacilli) and plasmid DHFR evolution.

Evidence-based practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar spinal conditions.

Low back pain remains one of the most common patient complaints. It can exist alone or with the presence of lower extremity symptoms. Review of evidence-based guidelines will assist primary care providers in the identification and treatment of various lumbar disorders in addition to ruling out specific lumbar spinal pathologies.

Surprisingly Big Rectification Ratios for a Very Small Unimolecular Rectifier.

To shrink electrical circuits beyond the looming practical limits of Moore's "Law", it has been a common goal to create carbon-based components. Here is the first example of a new class of donor-σ-acceptor rectifiers: hemibiquinones (HBQs). HBQs possess donor and acceptor moieties that are electronically isolated by inter-ring torsion.

Janus Reversal and Coulomb Blockade in Ferrocene-Perylenebisimide and N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-para-phenylenediamine-Perylenebisimide D-σ-A Rectifiers.

Sandwiches "EGaIn|Ga2O3|LB monolayer of 2|Au" and "EGaIn|Ga2O3|LB monolayer of 3|Au" rectify. They are formed from a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayer of 2 or 3 transferred onto thermally evaporated gold. Molecules 2 and 3 are of the donor-sigma-acceptor (D-σ-A) type and have the same perylenebisimide (PBI) acceptor as previously studied molecule 1.

Crystal structure of 4,4'-di-bromo-2',5'-dimeth-oxy-[1,1'-biphen-yl]-2,5-dione (BrHBQBr).

In the title compound, C14H10Br2O4, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 67.29 (19)°. Both meth-oxy-group C atoms lie close to the plane of their attached ring [deviations = -0.

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis: what the primary care provider should know.

Purpose: To provide nurse practitioners (NPs) with an overview of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, including the pathophysiology and etiology, incidence and prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnosis and differentials, management, and prognosis for these conditions.

Data Sources: Selected research, reviews, and clinical articles, and the authors' experience.

Conclusions: Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis are two common and confusing diagnoses identified by healthcare providers in the treatment of low back pain.

Unimolecular amplifier: principles of a three-terminal device with power gain.

A single molecule composed of three linked moieties can function as an amplifier of electrical current, when certain conditions are met by the molecular orbitals of the three component parts. This device should exhibit power gain at appropriate voltages. In this work, we will explain a plausible mechanism by which this device should work, and present its operating characteristics.

Unimolecular electronic devices.

The first active electronic components used vacuum tubes with appropriately-shaped electrodes, then junctions of appropriately-doped Ge, Si, or GaAs semiconductors. Electronic components can now be made with appropriately-designed organic molecules. As the commercial drive to make ever-smaller and faster circuits approaches the 3-nm limit, these unimolecular organic devices may become more useful than doped semiconductors.

The dose from Compton backscatter screening.

Systems based on the detection of Compton backscattered X rays have been deployed for screening personnel for weapons and explosives. Similar principles are used for screening vehicles at border-crossing points. Based on well-established scattering cross sections and absorption coefficients in conjunction with reasonable estimates of the image contrast and resolution, the entrance skin dose and the dose at a depth of 1 cm can be calculated.

Kidney transplantation as primary therapy for end-stage renal disease: a National Kidney Foundation/Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF/KDOQITM) conference.

Background And Objectives: Kidney transplantation is the most desired and cost-effective modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with irreversible chronic kidney failure (end-stage renal disease, stage 5 chronic kidney disease). Despite emerging evidence that the best outcomes accrue to patients who receive a transplant early in the course of renal replacement therapy, only 2.5% of incident patients with end-stage renal disease undergo transplantation as their initial modality of treatment, a figure largely unchanged for at least a decade.

Impact of the expanded criteria donor allocation system on candidates for and recipients of expanded criteria donor kidneys.

Background: A national policy to allocate kidneys from expanded criteria donors (ECD) took effect October 31, 2002.

Methods: To assess its impact, we analyzed data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients for ECD kidney candidates and recipients between November 1999 and October 2005.

Results: The likelihood of being listed for ECD transplant, of receiving any transplant, and of receiving an ECD transplant were assessed using logistic regression models.

Unimolecular rectifiers: methods and challenges.

Six unimolecular rectifiers have been studied at the University of Alabama: Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) or Langmuir-Schaefer (LS), or self-assembled monolayers of these molecules show asymmetric electrical conductivity between Au or Al electrodes. These molecules are gamma-hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide (Fig. 1, 2), 2,6-di[dibutylamino-phenylvinyl]-l-butylpyridinium iodide, 3, dimethylanilino-aza[C60]-fullerene, 4, fullerene-bis-[4-diphenylamino-4''-(N-ethyl-N-2-ethyl)-amino-1,4-diphenyl-1,3 -butadiene] malonate, 5, N-(10-nonadecyl)-N-(2-ferrocenyl-ethyl)-pyrenyl-methyl)pery-lene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboxyimide), 6, and 4,5-dipentyl-5'-methyltetrathiaful-valen-4'-methyl-oxy-2,4,5-trinitro-9-dicyanomethylenefluorene-7-(3-sulfonylpropionate), 7.

Unimolecular rectification of monolayers of CH3C(O)S-C14H28Q(+)-3CNQ(-) and CH3C(O)S-C16H32Q(+)-3CNQ(-) organized by self-assembly, Langmuir-Blodgett, and Langmuir-Schaefer techniques.

The advantage of "self-assembly" (strong covalent binding to substrates) was combined with the advantage of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) or Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) transfer to a solid substrate (quantitative transfer of monolayers to the substrate). The electrical rectification (asymmetric conduction) by a monolayer of thioacetylalkylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide was critically compared when these molecules had been transferred, by such competing techniques, onto gold electrodes, and then covered by a "cold gold" pad electrode. Unimolecular rectification was observed in the expected directions in the LB and LS monolayers.

Elastic and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of a new rectifying monolayer.

Rectification of electrical current was observed in a Langmuir-Schaefer monolayer of fullerene-bis[ethylthio-tetrakis(3,4-dibutyl-2-thiophene-5-ethenyl)-5-bromo-3,4-dibutyl-2-thiophene] malonate, Au electrodes at room temperature (there are two regimes of asymmetry, at lower bias, i.e., between 0 and +/-2 V, and at higher bias), and also between Pb and Al electrodes at 4.

The conformation of acetylated virginiamycin M1 and virginiamycin M1 in explicit solvents.

The three-dimensional structure of acetylated virginiamycin M(1) (acetylated VM1) in chloroform and in a water/acetonitrile mixture (83:17 v/v) have been established through 2D high resolution NMR experiments and molecular dynamics modeling and the results compared with the conformation of the antibiotic VM1 in the same and other solvents. The results indicated that acetylation of the C-14 OH group of VM1 caused it to rotate about 90 degrees from the position it assumed in non-acetylated VM1. The conformation of both VM1 and acetylated VM1 appear to flatten in moving from a nonpolar to polar solvent.

Synaptic responses in superficial layers of medial entorhinal cortex from rats with kainate-induced epilepsy.

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients often display shrinkage of the entorhinal cortex, which has been attributed to neuronal loss in medial entorhinal cortex layer III (MEC-III). MEC-III neuronal loss is reproduced in chronic epileptic rats after kainate-induced (KA) status epilepticus. Here we examined, in vitro, functional changes in superficial entorhinal cortex layers.