Fatalism, beliefs, and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Little is known about how people's beliefs concerning the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) influence their behavior. To shed light on this, we conduct an online experiment ( ) with US and UK residents. Participants are randomly allocated to a control group or to one of two treatment groups.

Testing for crowd out in social nudges: Evidence from a natural field experiment in the market for electricity.

This study considers the response of household electricity consumption to social nudges during peak load events. Our investigation considers two social nudges. The first targets conservation during peak load events, while the second promotes aggregate conservation.

Social redistribution of pain and money.

People show empathic responses to others' pain, yet how they choose to apportion pain between themselves and others is not well understood. To address this question, we observed choices to reapportion social allocations of painful stimuli and, for comparison, also elicited equivalent choices with money. On average people sought to equalize allocations of both pain and money, in a manner which indicated that inequality carried an increasing marginal cost.

Valuing lives and life years: anomalies, implications, and an alternative.

Many government interventions seek to reduce the risk of death. The value of preventing a fatality (VPF) is the monetary amount associated with each statistical death that an intervention can be expected to prevent. The VPF has been estimated using a preference-based approach, either by observing market behaviour (revealed preferences) or by asking hypothetical questions that seek to replicate the market (stated preferences).

Tetraammineruthenium(II) and -ruthenium(III) Complexes of o-Benzoquinone Diimine and Their Redox Series.

The complexes [Ru(NH(3))(4)(4,5-R(2)-bqdi)](n)(+) where bqdi is o-benzoquinone diimine, R = H, Cl, or OMe, and n = 2 or 3 have been characterized by elemental analysis, optical spectroscopy, electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, and electron paramagnetic and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. ZINDO/S calculations provide a very detailed picture of the degree of mixing existing between metal and ligand orbitals. Both pi back-donation and ligand pi-d mixing are important such that these compounds are considered to be extensively delocalized.