Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in soil and sediments: Occurrence, fate, remediation and future outlook.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are contaminants of great concern due to their wide-spread occurrence and persistence in the environments (i.e., in water, soil and sediment) and potential toxicology even at very low concentration.

A comprehensive review on the framework to valorise lignocellulosic biomass as biorefinery feedstocks.

An effective pretreatment is the first step to enhance the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass - a source of renewable, eco-friendly and energy-dense materials - for biofuel and biochemical productions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment on the advantages and disadvantages of lignocellulosic pretreatment techniques, which have been studied at the lab-, pilot- and full-scale levels. Biological pretreatment is environmentally friendly but time consuming (i.

Laser-induced fluorescence logging as a high-resolution characterisation tool to assess LNAPL mobility.

High-resolution characterisation tools such as Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) logging represent a step forward towards a more effective management of sites contaminated by light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) petroleum hydrocarbons. In this paper, the applicability of LIF response as an indicator of LNAPL mobility at one site with an unconsolidated aquifer was investigated. LIF profiles were logged adjacent to twin coring locations and wells with LNAPL transmissivity (T) measurements in a heterogeneous gasoline contaminated site in Western Australia.

LNAPL transmissivity as a remediation metric in complex sites under water table fluctuations.

Water table fluctuations affect the recoverability of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) petroleum hydrocarbons. LNAPL transmissivity (T) is being applied as an improved metric for LNAPL recoverability. In this paper, the applicability of T as a lagging and leading metric in unconsolidated aquifers under variable water table conditions was investigated.

Non-equilibrium zinc uptake onto compost particles from synthetic stormwater.

Zinc uptake onto different particle size compost was evaluated in batch and column studies using a synthetic stormwater to quantify sorption capacity and kinetics. The results showed that the pseudo equilibrium time for uptake increased from 2h to greater than 120h as the particle size of compost increased from 75μm to 6.75mm.

Simple models for the release kinetics of dissolved organic carbon from woody filtration media.

The mechanisms and kinetics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release from woody materials (pine, hardwood and compost) under non-equilibrium leaching conditions was examined through batch and column tests. Mechanistically based kinetic models (first and second order) had a low predictive power for DOC release compared to those based solely on regression (Elovitch, power law). The DOC release data showed a bi-phasic response, with an early period of rapid release (<24h) controlled by film diffusion followed by a slower rate controlled by intra-particle diffusion.

Effect of media type and particle size on dissolved organic carbon release from woody filtration media.

Sequential batch leaching tests were used to evaluate the mass of DOC released from composted garden organics (yard waste), pine and hardwood under pseudo-equilibrium conditions. All media showed an initial rapid decline in DOC values followed by a slower rate during later time periods. Greater than 50% of the DOC leached occurred within the initial time period (<24 h).