Mesothelial cell responses to acute appendicitis or small bowel obstruction reactive ascites: Insights into immunoregulation of abdominal adhesion.

Previous abdominal surgery (PAS) increases risk of small bowel obstruction (SBO) due to adhesions, and appendectomy (appy) is an independent risk factor for abdominal adhesion-related complications. Peritoneal inflammation, e.g.

Does time to surgery for traumatic hip fracture impact the efficacy of fascia iliaca blocks? A brief report.

Objectives: Outcomes after traumatic hip fracture have shown to be significantly improved with timely surgical management. This study determined whether there were differences in efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) on pain outcomes in patients with hip fracture, once stratified by time to surgery.

Methods: Trauma patients (55-90 years) admitted to five Level I/II trauma centers within 12 hours of hip fracture were included.

Use of Cold-Stored Whole Blood is Associated With Improved Mortality in Hemostatic Resuscitation of Major Bleeding: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify a mortality benefit with the use of whole blood (WB) as part of the resuscitation of bleeding trauma patients.

Background: Blood component therapy (BCT) is the current standard for resuscitating trauma patients, with WB emerging as the blood product of choice. We hypothesized that the use of WB versus BCT alone would result in decreased mortality.

Impact of time to surgery on mortality in hypotensive patients with noncompressible torso hemorrhage: An AAST multicenter, prospective study.

Background: Death from noncompressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) may be preventable with improved prehospital care and shorter in-hospital times to hemorrhage control. We hypothesized that shorter times to surgical intervention for hemorrhage control would decrease mortality in hypotensive patients with NCTH.

Methods: This was an AAST-sponsored multicenter, prospective analysis of hypotensive patients aged 15+ years who presented with NCTH from May 2018 to December 2020.

Examining trends in gun violence injuries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across six trauma centers.

Objectives: The onset of the national stay-at-home orders accompanied by a surge in firearm sales has elevated the concerns of clinicians and public health authorities. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the stay-at-home orders among gunshot wound (GSW) trauma admissions.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study at six level I trauma centers across four states.

Are trauma research programs in academic and non-academic centers measured by equal standards? A survey of 137 level I trauma centers in the United States.

Background: American College of Surgeons level I trauma center verification requires an active research program. This study investigated differences in the research programs of academic and non-academic trauma centers.

Methods: A 28-question survey was administered to ACS-verified level I trauma centers in 11/12/2020-1/7/2021.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of level 1 trauma centers to meet American College of Surgeons research requirements.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had major effects on hospitals' ability to perform scientific research while providing patient care and minimizing virus exposure and spread. Many non-COVID-19 research has been halted, and funding has been diverted to COVID-19 research and away from other areas.

Methods: A 28-question survey was administered to all level 1 trauma centers in the USA that included questions about how the pandemic affected the trauma centers' ability to fulfill the volume and research requirements of level 1 verification by the American College of Surgeons (ACS).

COVID-19 and trauma: how social distancing orders altered the patient population using trauma services during the 2020 pandemic.

Background: Recent studies have reported changes in trauma volumes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing orders (SDOs) implemented by federal and state governments. However, literature is lacking on demographic, injury and outcome patterns.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included patients aged ≥18 years at six US level 1 trauma centers.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health insurance coverage among trauma patients: a study of six level I trauma centers.

Background: Increased unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic has likely led to widespread loss of employer-provided health insurance. This study examined trends in health insurance coverage among trauma patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, including differences in demographics and clinical characteristics by insurance type.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on adult patients admitted to six level 1 trauma centers between January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2020.

Incorporating age improves the Glasgow Coma Scale score for predicting mortality from traumatic brain injury.

Background: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score has been adapted into categories of severity (mild, moderate, and severe) and are ubiquitous in the trauma setting. This study sought to revise the GCS categories to account for an interaction by age and to determine the discrimination of the revised categories compared with the standard GCS categories.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank registry was used to identify patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI; ICD-9 codes 850-854.

Quantity of hemoperitoneum is associated with need for intervention in patients with stable blunt splenic injury.

Background: In patients with hemodynamically stable blunt splenic injury (BSI), there is no consensus on whether quantity of hemoperitoneum (HP) is a predictor for intervention with splenic artery embolization (SAE) or failing nonoperative management (fNOM). We sought to analyze whether the quantity of HP was associated with need for intervention.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with hemodynamically stable BSI admitted to six trauma centers between 2014 and 2016.

Matched pilot study examining cannabis-based dronabinol for acute pain following traumatic injury.

Background: To determine whether adjunctive dronabinol, a licensed form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, reduces opioid consumption when used off-label for managing acute pain following traumatic injury.

Methods: This matched cohort study included patients who were admitted with a traumatic injury between 1 March 2017 and 30 October 2017. The hospital pharmacy database was used to identify patients who received dronabinol (cases), and they were matched 1:1 to patients who did not receive dronabinol (controls) using age, cause of injury and hospital length of stay.

The presence of S-sulfonated transthyretin in commercial human serum albumin solutions: Potential contribution to neuropathy.

Background: Commercial solutions of human serum albumin (HSA) are administered to critically ill patients for the treatment of shock, restoration of blood volume, and the acute management of burns. Previously, conflicting results on the effects of HSA administration have been reported varying from a favorable increase in total plasma antioxidant capacity to a higher mortality rate in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. These results could be partially explained due to the known heterogeneity of HSA solutions.

Predictors of splenic artery embolization as an adjunct to non-operative management of stable blunt splenic injury: a multi-institutional study.

Background: We sought to identify predictors of splenic artery embolization (SAE) over observation for hemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI), by Organ Injury Scale (OIS) grade.

Methods: This was a multi-institutional retrospective study of all adults (≥18) with BSI who were initially managed non-operatively between 2014 and 2016. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of SAE by OIS grade.

Stress Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Patients: Insight Into Possible Molecular Pathways.

Severe sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and traumatic brain injury are frequently associated with hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients. In patients suffering from any of these conditions, hyperglycemia at admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) is directly correlated with increased mortality or morbidity. Although there was initial enthusiasm for insulin treatment to blood glucose levels below 110 mg/dL in these patients, recent understanding suggests that the potential for hypoglycemic complications make this approach potentially dangerous.