Comparing the hydrological performance of an irrigated native vegetation green roof with a conventional Sedum spp. green roof in New York City.

The objective of this study was to compare the hydrological performance of an irrigated, 127 mm deep green roof, planted with vegetation native to the New York City area, to a conventional, non-irrigated, 100 mm deep green roof, planted with drought-tolerant Sedum spp. Four years of climate and runoff data from both green roofs were analyzed to determine seasonal stormwater retention. Empirical relationships between rainfall and runoff were developed for both roofs, and applied to historical rainfall data in order to compare stormwater retention values for different rainfall depths.

Identifying linkages between urban green infrastructure and ecosystem services using an expert opinion methodology.

Stormwater green infrastructure (GI) has the potential to provide ecosystem services (ES) that are currently lacking in many urban environments. Nevertheless, while stormwater GI presents a major opportunity for cities to enhance urban ES, there is insufficient evidence to link the complex social and ecological benefits of ES to different GI types for holistic urban planning. This study used an expert opinion methodology to identify linkages between 22 ES and 14 GI types within a New York City context.

Microprocessor-controlled local anesthesia versus the conventional syringe technique in hair transplantation.

Background: Local anesthesia by the traditional injection technique is central to optimizing patient comfort during hair transplant procedures. However, even when carefully and properly performed, some patients still describe their treatment sessions as painful.

Objective: To determine if patients undergoing hair transplantation experience less pain and discomfort when their local anesthesia is performed with the Wand (as of spring 2001, the Wand has been renamed "CompuMed- Featuring the Wand Handpiece"), a microprocessor pump that precisely controls the infusion rate and pressure of local anesthetic solution.