RhoA-kinase and myosin II are required for the maintenance of growth cone polarity and guidance by nerve growth factor.

Growth cones are highly polarized and dynamic structures confined to the tips of axons. The polarity of growth cones is in part maintained by suppression of protrusive activity from the distal axon shaft, a process termed axon consolidation. The mechanistic basis of axon consolidation that contributes to the maintenance of growth cone polarity is not clear.

Occurrence of gastrointestinal opportunistic disorders in AIDS despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the frequency of opportunistic disorders (ODs) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients has fallen dramatically. We have found, however, that despite the use of HAART, HIV-infected patients can still present with GI ODs. To evaluate the prevalence of GI ODs in HIV-infected patients on HAART who were undergoing endoscopic evaluation for GI-related symptoms.

Bidirectional inhibitory interactions between the embryonic chicken metanephros and lumbosacral nerves in vitro.

During chicken embryonic development the metanephros forms from the uretic duct at embryonic day (E) 7. As the metanephric tissue develops between E7 and E10, it comes into close apposition with lumbosacral nerves. Coculturing of metanephric and nerve explants demonstrated that the Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve inhibit the migration of metanephric cells in a contact-dependent manner.