The role of stereopsis in microsurgical performance on the EYESi ophthalmic surgical simulator.

: There remains a lack of compelling objective evidence on whether stereopsis is necessary for an ophthalmic surgical career. It is also unclear if high-grade stereoacuity correlates with better surgical performance. The present study attempts to address this question by comparing the simulated surgical performance of subjects with different levels of stereoacuity using a virtual reality (VR) intraocular surgical simulator (EYESi, VRmagic, Mannheim, Germany).

Clinical outcomes of inferior oblique myectomy in age categorized patients with unilateral superior oblique palsy.

Background: Unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) is the most common isolated cranial nerve palsy. This report looks at the results and safety of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy for SOP.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with fusional ability who underwent IO myectomy for unilateral SOP over a 15-year period, at one of our university-associated health care centers.

A Comparison of Near Strabismus Measurements with Different Fixation Targets.

Background And Purpose: It has been reported there is a difference in the size of esodeviations when using letters compared to pictures or lights as a fixation target. In many clinics, small picture stickers are used as a target for preliterate or uncooperative children. In this study, experimental stickers with detailed pictures were compared to the Lang fixation cube and a monochromatic circle to assess their suitability as near fixation targets for the measurement of near deviations.

Psychosocial Distress in Parents with Children Awaiting Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Due to resource restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, many pediatric patients are facing substantial delays for surgery, potentially resulting in additional distress for caregivers. We aimed to assess the experiences and psychosocial distress of parents during COVID-19 as they relate to the pandemic, waiting for surgery, and the combined effects of both events. The was a cross-sectional qualitative study.

Preoperative Variables Associated with Surgical Outcome for the Correction of Exodeviation.

The success rate of exodeviation surgery in existing literature has been shown to be variable. This study sought to determine the success rate of surgery for exodeviation in Atlantic Canada and determine variables associated with surgical outcome. A retrospective chart review was performed, considering patients who had been assessed and surgically treated for exodeviation at the IWK Health Centre between 2011-2018.

Can Imaging of Temporal Raphe Orientation with fundusphotos or SD-OCT be helpful for the Assessment of Ocular Torsion in Patients with Cranial Nerve Four Paresis?

Strabismic deviations can be horizontal, vertical, cyclorotational, or a combination of all three. Previous literature has established the difference between subjective and traditional objective torsional angles; however, often there is a failure to consider the physiological position of a normal fovea-optic nerve head (ONH) relationship. Using the temporal raphe (TR) orientation has been suggested as a solution for this discrepancy.

Measuring attention bias in observers of strabismus subjects.

Background: Despite the known negative psychosocial impact and the importance of facial aesthetics for individuals with strabismus, the gaze pattern of the presumed attention bias has not been documented previously.

Methods: Thirty images (15 digitally reconstructed color photographs to show strabismus and 15 photographs of volunteers without strabismus) were viewed in random order by 25 naïve participants (age range, 23-63 years; 15 females). Visual scan paths of participants were recorded using an infrared corneal image eye movement recorder, and the individual parameters of saccades, fixations, and dwell time were assessed using DataViewer software.

Predictability of horizontal versus vertical muscle surgery outcomes in thyroid eye disease.

Surgical repair of vertical muscles in thyroid eye disease (TED) is believed to yield more unpredictable results than horizontal muscle surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine if the short-term outcomes for strabismus surgery in TED are equally predictable for horizontal and vertical muscle surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 27 consecutive patients who underwent strabismus surgery for TED from a single surgeon's practice.

Has rising pediatric obesity increased the incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children?

Objective: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in children is an uncommon but significant cause of morbidity, including permanent visual loss. It is important to understand if, like obesity, IIH in children is on the rise and is related to that increase. The aim of this study is to compare the recent incidence rate of pediatric IIH in a tertiary care hospital with earlier data published from that same hospital.

Survey on allied health personnel in Canadian ophthalmology: the scalpel for change.

Objective: To determine the recruiting and training needs for ophthalmic medical personnel (OMP), assess the value of their certification, and compare the ophthalmic practice productivity and performance of non-certified and certified OMP, as rated by both ophthalmologists and OMP.

Design: Comparative analysis.

Participants: One hundred and sixteen Canadian ophthalmologists and 98 OMP.

The method of treatment cessation and recurrence rate of amblyopia.

Background And Purpose: To date, much of the research regarding amblyopia has been focused on which therapeutic modality is the most efficacious in amblyopia management. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research into which method of treatment cessation is the most appropriate once therapy has been completed. The purpose of this study is to investigate if the cessation method affects the recurrence rate of amblyopia.

Guidelines for postmortem protocol for ocular investigation of sudden unexplained infant death and suspected physical child abuse.

Postmortem examination is a cornerstone in identifying the cause of unexplained sudden death in children. Even in cases of suspected or known abuse, an autopsy may help characterize the nature of the abuse, which is particularly important in the forensic autopsy of children in the first 3 to 4 years of life when inflicted neurotrauma is most common. Forensic examinations are vital in cases that might otherwise be diagnosed as sudden infant death syndrome.

Negative predictive value of a vision screening program aimed at children aged 3 to 4 years old.

Purpose: Nova Scotia has a vision screening program which assesses children aged 4[1\2] to 5[1\2] years. However, its use in younger children proved impossible. This study will examine a modified screening protocol for the younger children (3 to 4 years old) and determine its negative predictive value and minimum age for reliable application.