Diagnostic Accuracy of Frequency-Doubling Technology and the Moorfields Motion Displacement Test for Glaucoma.

Purpose: Portable perimetric testing could be useful for community-based glaucoma screening programs. Frequency-doubling technology (FDT) and the Moorfields motion displacement test (MDT) are portable perimeters that have shown promise as potential screening tools for glaucoma. This study's goal was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FDT and MDT for visual field defects and glaucoma.

Diagnostic accuracy of an iPad application for detection of visual field defects.

Background/objectives: Tablet-based perimetry could be used to test for glaucomatous visual field defects in settings without easy access to perimeters, although few studies have assessed diagnostic accuracy of tablet-based tests. The goal of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of iPad perimetry using the visualFields Easy application.

Subjects/methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of patients undergoing their first Humphrey Field Analyser (HFA) visual field test at a glaucoma clinic in India.

Repeatability of Corneal Hysteresis Measurements in Glaucoma Patients During Routine Follow Up and After Cataract Surgery.

Prcis: Corneal hysteresis (CH) measurements are relatively stable during routine follow up of glaucoma patients over an intermediate time frame. Cataract surgery does not change the CH significantly after an average follow up of 6 months.

Purpose: The aim was to assess the repeatability of CH measurements in glaucoma patients over time, during routine follow up and after cataract surgery.

Asymmetric Functional Impairment of ON and OFF Retinal Pathways in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate ON-pathway versus OFF-pathway dysfunction in glaucoma using handheld electroretinography (ERG) with a temporally modulated sinusoidal flicker stimulus.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Fifty-nine participants accounting for 104 eyes, comprised of 19 control eyes, 26 glaucoma suspect eyes, and 59 glaucoma eyes.

Individuals with and without normal tension glaucoma exhibit comparable performance on tests of cognitive function.

Aim: To evaluate aspects of cognition impacted by individuals with and without normal tension glaucoma.

Methods: Fifty normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and 50 control patients ≥50y of age were recruited from the UCSF Department of Ophthalmology. Demographic data and glaucoma parameters were extracted from electronic medical records for both groups.

Comparison of Structural, Functional, Tonometric, and Visual Acuity Testing for Glaucoma: A Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of potential screening tests for moderate to advanced glaucoma.

Design: Prospective diagnostic test accuracy study.

Participants: The study enrolled a consecutive series of patients aged ≥50 years who presented to a glaucoma clinic in South India without ever having received automated visual field testing.

Accuracy of autorefraction in an adult Indian population.

Purpose: Autorefractors allow non-specialists to quickly assess refractive error, and thus could be a useful component of large-scale vision screening programs. In order to better characterize the role of autorefraction for public health outreach programs in resource-limited settings, the diagnostic accuracy of two autorefractors was assessed relative to subjective refraction in an adult Indian population.

Methods: An optometrist refracted a series of patients aged ≥50 years at an eye clinic in Bangalore, India using the Nidek ARK-900 autorefractor first, followed by the 3nethra Royal autorefractor, and then subjective refraction.

Cutaneous melanin and glaucoma: a case control study.

: Previous studies have used subjective assessments to implicate darker skin color as a risk factor for glaucoma. This study used objective measurements to determine whether skin melanin is a risk factor for glaucoma. In a case-control study conducted at a tertiary eye hospital in Nepal, patients aged 40 years or older from the glaucoma clinic were enrolled as cases and age-matched patients without glaucoma from other clinics at the eye hospital were enrolled as controls.

Short-term Postoperative Visual Acuity Decrease and Recovery after Ahmed Tube Shunt Procedure for Glaucoma.

Purpose: To elucidate the vision loss and recovery course after the Ahmed tube shunt procedure 6 months postoperatively. To identify risk factors associated with significant vision loss.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

The Relationship Between Melanin and Glaucoma: A Case-control Study.

Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: In a case-control study, skin pigmentation was not statistically significantly different when comparing glaucoma patients to those without glaucoma.

Purpose: Darker skin color has been implicated as a risk factor for glaucoma based on previous studies' subjective assessments of skin pigmentation. This study used objective measurements to determine whether cutaneous pigmentation is a risk factor for glaucoma.

Trends in Authorship of Original Scientific Articles in Journal of Glaucoma: An Analysis of 25 Years Since the Initiation of the Journal.

Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: Publications in glaucoma have seen an increase in the number of authors and disclosures per article, authors with dual degrees, and international authors, but contributions of women to articles published remains low.

Purpose: Authorship trends have been studied across many medical specialties and in ophthalmology as a whole, but not specifically in glaucoma. The authors explored the authorship trends of original scientific articles in the Journal of Glaucoma.

Accuracy of computer-assisted vertical cup-to-disk ratio grading for glaucoma screening.

Purpose: Glaucoma screening can be performed by assessing the vertical-cup-to-disk ratio (VCDR) of the optic nerve head from fundus photography, but VCDR grading is inherently subjective. This study investigated whether computer software could improve the accuracy and repeatability of VCDR assessment.

Methods: In this cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study, 5 ophthalmologists independently assessed the VCDR from a set of 200 optic disk images, with the median grade used as the reference standard for subsequent analyses.

Reproducibility of 5 Methods of Ocular Tonometry.

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT; Haag-Streit, Bern, Switzerland) and several portable tonometers that could be used for glaucoma screening programs.

Design: Evaluation of a diagnostic test.

Participants: Three hundred twenty-one eyes of 168 participants seeking treatment at the glaucoma clinic of a tertiary eye hospital in India.

Ophthalmic Timolol Hallucinations: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Systemic absorption and central nervous system (CNS) penetration of timolol drops are a well-studied phenomenon, resulting in common side effects such as bradycardia, bronchospasm, fatigue, and confusion. More serious CNS side effects, such as psychosis and depression, however, are rarely attributed to eye drops. We report a case series in which patients developed visual hallucinations secondary to topical ocular timolol use.

Early Reoperation Rate, Complication, and Outcomes in Resident-performed Glaucoma Surgery.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of the study was to examine reoperation rate and complications of resident-performed glaucoma surgeries within the first 90 postoperative days.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of resident-performed glaucoma filtering surgeries at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center between 2002 and 2014 was performed. Patients requiring reoperation within 90 days of the initial surgery were included in our study.

Effect of mitomycin c and 5-flurouracil adjuvant therapy on the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.

Background: To examine the effect of mitomycin c and 5-flurouracil on treatment outcomes following Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Participants: Fifty patients who received Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation from 1999 to 2013 in the San Francisco Veterans Administration Hospital.

Effects of Glaucoma Tube Surgery on Corneal Endothelial Cells: A Review.

The etiology of corneal decompensation after aqueous shunt implantation remains poorly understood. With the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography and specular microscopy, the relationship of these implants to the surrounding tissues can be investigated over time. This article will review the current knowledge pertaining to endothelial cell loss related to glaucoma and surgery and highlight possible causes that have been proposed for endothelial cell loss after aqueous shunt implantation.

A Comparison of Resident-performed Argon and Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients With Open-angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and complications of resident-performed argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) and selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT).

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional, comparative case series performed at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Hospital. The study included 77 patients each undergoing 1 resident-performed ALT procedure from April 2006 through November 2009, and 81 patients each undergoing 1 resident-performed SLT procedure from November 2009 through December 2011.

Effect of glaucoma tube shunt parameters on cornea endothelial cells in patients with Ahmed valve implants.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of various tube parameters on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) after insertion of Ahmed valves.

Methods: Thirty-nine eyes of 33 patients with previous superotemporal (ST) Ahmed valve implantation and 20 eyes of 13 participants with previous uncomplicated phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation but no history of glaucoma surgery were evaluated. Various tube parameters were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Ex-PRESS outcomes using mitomycin-C, Ologen alone, Ologen with 5-fluorouracil.

To compare the complication rate and effectiveness of mitomycin C (MMC), Ologen alone, and Ologen with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as adjunctives with Ex-PRESS mini shunt for medically uncontrolled glaucoma. Retrospective comparative study of 59 Ex-PRESS mini shunt trabeculectomy operations coupled with Ologen implantation alone, transient MMC application or Ologen implantation with 5-FU as adjunctive treatment. Eight eyes (7 patients) received Ologen alone, 37 eyes (34 patients) received MMC, and 14 eyes (14 patients) received Ologen with 5-FU as adjunctive therapy.

Resident-performed selective laser trabeculoplasty in patients with open-angle glaucoma.

IMPORTANCE To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate effectiveness and complication rates of resident-performed selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness and complications of SLT performed by resident ophthalmologists and to identify predictors for success. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective case series of 81 patients with open-angle glaucoma undergoing 110 SLT procedures from November 17, 2009, through December 16, 2011, at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Comparative in vitro flow study of 3 different Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma device models.

Purpose: To determine the flow characteristics of the 3 different models of the Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma device in a controlled laboratory study.

Materials And Methods: The 3 different Ex-PRESS models (P-50, R-50, and P-200; Optonol Ltd; now Alcon Lab) were tested using a gravity-driven flow test. Three samples of each of the 3 Ex-PRESS models were subjected to a constant gravitational force of fluid at 5 different pressure levels (5 to 25 mm Hg).

Resident-performed Ex-PRESS shunt implantation versus trabeculectomy.

Purpose: To compare outcomes between resident-performed trabeculectomy and Ex-PRESS shunt implantation.

Methods: A consecutive cohort of 36 Ex-PRESS shunt implantations and 57 trabeculectomies (1 eye/patient) performed by resident surgeons in their third year of ophthalmic training at the University of California, San Francisco and at the San Francisco Veterans Administration Hospital, under the supervision of a single glaucoma fellowship-trained surgeon were included in this study. Eyes with < 6 months of follow-up or previous glaucoma surgery were excluded.

A history of intraocular pressure and its measurement.

Doctors have not always associated elevated intraocular pressure with the vision loss from glaucoma. Although several individuals appear to have noted firmness of the eye in this condition as far back as the 10th century, elevated intraocular pressure was not routinely assessed until the latter part of the 19th century. von Graefe developed the first instrument for measuring intraocular pressure in 1865.