Studies of air, water, and ethanol vapor atmospheric pressure plasmas for antimicrobial applications.

The generation of air-based plasmas under atmospheric plasma conditions was studied to assess their antimicrobial efficacy against commonly found pathogenic bacteria. The mixture of initial gases supplied to the plasma was found to be critical for the formation of bactericidal actives. The optimal gas ratio for bactericidal effect was determined to be 99% nitrogen and 1% oxygen, which led to a 99.

Posterior elbow coverage using whole and split flexor carpi ulnaris flaps: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the coverage patterns of whole and split flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) pedicle muscle flaps for posterior elbow soft-tissue defects.

Methods: Seventeen fresh-frozen cadaveric upper extremities were used. The whole FCU was raised to the dominant vascular pedicle and transposed proximally over the olecranon.