A Physiological-Based Pharmacokinetic Model For The Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Zinc Pyrithione: II. Dermal Absorption And Dosimetry In The Rat.

The broad spectrum antimicrobial/antifungal zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) is used in products ranging from antifouling paint to antidandruff shampoo. The hazard profile of ZnPT was established based upon comprehensive toxicological testing, and products containing this biocide have been safely used for years. The purpose of this study was to create a dermal physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for ZnPT in the rat for improving dose-response analysis of ZnPT-induced toxicity where reversible hindlimb weakness was the endpoint used as the basis for ZnPT risk assessments.

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for the broad-spectrum antimicrobial zinc pyrithione: I. Development and verification.

The broad-spectrum antimicrobial zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) is used in numerous products ranging from in-can preservative/mildicide in paints to antidandruff shampoo. Although products containing ZnPT have a long history of safe use, regulatory agencies routinely set limits of exposure based upon toxicological considerations. The objective of this study was to create a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for ZnPT in the rat for improving dose-response analysis of ZnPT-induced toxicity, reversible hindlimb weakness, the endpoint that has been used as the basis for ZnPT risk assessments.

Impact of periodontal therapy on general health: evidence from insurance data for five systemic conditions.

Background: Treatment of periodontal (gum) disease may lessen the adverse consequences of some chronic systemic conditions.

Purpose: To estimate the effects of periodontal therapy on medical costs and hospitalizations among individuals with diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D); coronary artery disease (CAD); cerebral vascular disease (CVD); rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and pregnancy in a retrospective observational cohort study.

Methods: Insurance claims data from 338,891 individuals with both medical and dental insurance coverage were analyzed in 2011-2013.

Association of a common genetic factor, PTGER3, with outcome of periodontal therapy and preterm birth.

Background: Clinical evidence suggests an association between preterm birth and periodontal disease. This study explores whether specific genetic polymorphisms are associated with success of periodontal therapy in pregnant women with periodontal disease and, further, whether any of these same polymorphisms are also associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB).

Methods: One hundred sixty high-risk pregnant women (6 to 20 weeks of gestation) with periodontal disease (≥ 3 sites with attachment loss ≥ 4 mm) were studied.

Disposition and metabolism of N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide in male F344 and Wistar-Han rats and female B6C3F1 mice.

N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide (DMAAm) is a β-dicarbonyl compound used as an industrial intermediate. This study investigated the disposition and metabolism of [¹⁴C]DMAAm in male rats and female mice. A single oral dose of [¹⁴C]DMAAm (target dose of 10 or 130 mg/kg) was administered to male F344 and Wistar-Han rats.

A meta-analytic approach to determine the state of the science on implant dentistry.

Meta-analyses have been widely used to estimate treatment effects in evidence-based dentistry. Few conferences, however, have used a systems approach to assure coherent data management and analysis. The purpose of this section is to describe the data management and statistical analysis for the State of the Science of Implant Dentistry (SSID) conference.

Reducing firearm violence: a research agenda.

In the United States, firearms are involved in tens of thousands of deaths and injuries each year. The magnitude of this problem prompted the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to issue a report in 2004 detailing the strengths and limitations of existing research on the relationship between firearms and violence. In response, a multidisciplinary group of experts in the field of firearms and violence formed the National Research Collaborative on Firearm Violence.

Clinical characteristics and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: multiple-dose administration to men with prostate neoplasia.

A phase I clinical trial was conducted to determine the safety, pharmacokinetic parameters, and efficacy of orally administered isoflavones (genistein and daidzein, potential cancer chemotherapeutic agents) over a 3-mo period in men with prostate neoplasia. Twenty men, ages 40 and above, with stage B, C, or D adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with a multiple-dose regimen of a soy isoflavone formulation (delivering approximately 300 or 600 mg/day genistein and half this much daidzein) for 84 days. The delivered dose of isoflavones was more than 10-fold higher than that typically taken by prostate cancer patients.

Lack of significant genotoxicity of purified soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, and glycitein) in 20 patients with prostate cancer.

Background: Genistein may be useful in the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer; however, it causes genetic damage in cultured human cells.

Objective: The objective was to assess the potential genotoxicity of a purified soy unconjugated isoflavone mixture in men with prostate cancer.

Design: Twenty patients with prostate cancer were treated with 300 mg genistein/d for 28 d and then with 600 mg/d for another 56 d.

Influence of implant geometry and surface characteristics on progressive osseointegration.

Purpose: Although no currently available technique for the measurement of osseointegration is entirely satisfactory, 3 clinical variables can be reasonably associated with the process: probing depth, micromobility, and crestal bone height. Micromobility can be quantified to some extent with the use of the Periotest, a commercially available instrument In this investigation, the influence of surface characteristics and geometry upon Periotest value (PTV) and probing depth measurements was studied.

Materials And Methods: In a multicenter trial, 120 healthy edentulous patients received 5 or 6 implants in the anterior mandible and were followed for 3 years.

Safety and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: single-dose administration to postmenopausal women.

Background: Soy isoflavones are being evaluated as chemopreventive agents for breast and other cancers.

Objective: The objective was to perform safety and pharmacokinetic studies of purified unconjugated isoflavone preparations containing genistein, daidzein, and glycitein in postmenopausal women.

Design: Twenty-four healthy postmenopausal women ingested a single dose of 1 of 2 purified (from soybeans) isoflavone preparations that delivered a genistein dose of 2, 4, 8, or 16 mg/kg body wt.

Mandibular growth following implant restoration: does Wolff's law apply to residual ridge resorption?

This study measured bone height under a fixed detachable cantilever restoration supported by five or six endosseous implants in 60 consecutively treated patients. Panoramic films were made at surgery and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years postrestoration. A computer-enhanced method was used to measure mandibular height 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm distal to the last implant, which was used as a length.

Clinical characteristics and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: single-dose administration to healthy men.

Background: Soy isoflavones are potential cancer chemoprevention treatments.

Objective: We conducted safety studies of purified unconjugated genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, and defined pharmacokinetic parameters for their absorption and metabolism.

Design: Thirty healthy men ingested a single dose of 1 of 2 isoflavone preparations purified from soy.