High-dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

High dose cyclophosphamide (HDC) has been successfully used for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we sought to determine whether the use of high dose cyclophosphamide provided stabilization of relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), or primary progressive MS (PPMS). The parameters evaluated were EDSS scores, lesion load and brain volumes by MRI and frequency of relapses.

Complete recovery from intractable complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS-type I, following anesthetic ketamine and midazolam.

Objective: To describe the treatment of an intractable complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS-I) patient with anesthetic doses of ketamine supplemented with midazolam.

Methods: A patient presented with a rapidly progressing contiguous spread of CRPS from a severe ligamentous wrist injury. Standard pharmacological and interventional therapy successively failed to halt the spread of CRPS from the wrist to the entire right arm.