COVID-19 is associated with early emergence of preeclampsia: results from a large regional collaborative.

To investigate the relationship between preeclampsia and SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women between March and October 2020. Pregnant patients admitted to 14 obstetrical centers in Michigan, USA formed the study population.

Starting a regional collaborative research group for COVID-19 in pregnancy: the Southern Michigan experience.

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 elicited a surge in publications. Obstetric reports were with few exceptions characterized by small sample sizes with potentially limited generalizability. In this review, evidence suggests increased susceptibility to COVID-19 in pregnancy; common pregnancy comorbidities may help explain worse outcomes.

Lessons Learned Serving on a Long-Standing Maternal Mortality Review Committee.

The maternal mortality ratio in the United States is increasing; understanding the significance of this change and developing effective responses requires a granular analysis of the contributing factors that a well-informed maternal mortality review committee can provide. Data collection and analysis, clinical factors, preventability, social determinants of health, and racial inequities combine to affect this outcome, and each factor must be considered individually and in combination to recommend a robust response. Obstetrician-gynecologists formed the State of Michigan's Maternal Mortality Review Committee (the Committee) in 1950 to identify gaps in care that needed to be systematically addressed at the time.

Lack of Uptake of Prophylactic Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Among Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Seen at a Regional Medical Center.

Background/objective: Women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at increased risk for cervical neoplasia likely due to infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and should be considered for HPV vaccination. We sought to determine the frequency of HR-HPV infection and uptake of HPV vaccination in our regional female lupus population.

Methods: For this medical records review study, data were analyzed from our electronic health records EPIC for women with International Classification of Diseases-10 or International Classification of Diseases -9 billing codes for SLE seen June 6, 2007, to May 1, 2017.

The association of -related significant hemoglobinopathies and low fetal fraction on noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidy.

Objectives: -related significant hemoglobinopathies have been anecdotally associated with low fetal fraction on noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS). We sought to compare the difference in fetal fraction using NIPS in women with -related significant hemoglobinopathies (HSH) and women with normal hemoglobin.

Study Design: This is a retrospective case-control study.

The Impact of the New Hypertension Guidelines to Low-Dose Aspirin Prophylaxis Eligibility for the Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Cost-Benefit Analysis.

Objective: American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) published new guidelines which lower the cut-off for hypertension. We sought to evaluate the impact of these guidelines to cost and benefit of various low-dose aspirin prophylaxis approaches.

Study Design: Decision tree analysis was created using R software to evaluate four approaches to aspirin prophylaxis in the United States: no aspirin, United States Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) with Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) hypertension guidelines, USPSTF with ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines, as well as universal aspirin prophylaxis.

Prenatal Alcohol Screening During Pregnancy by Midwives and Nurses.

Background: Alcohol use during pregnancy can have a variety of harmful consequences on the fetus. Lifelong effects include growth restriction, characteristic facial anomalies, and neurobehavioral dysfunction. This range of effects is known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).

A Current Evaluation of the Economic Costs for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): A Comment on the Systematic Review by Greenmeyer et al.

: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is common and associated with economic costs greater than comparable other childhood and adult disorders. We need to turn our attention to prevention and mitigation.

The effect of history of abnormal pap smear or preceding HPV infection on the humoral immune response to Quadrivalent Human Papilloma virus (qHPV) vaccine in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To determine if natural human papillomavirus (HPV) infection would induce an anamnestic response to quadrivalent (qHPV) vaccine in women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Thirty four women (19-50 years) with mild to moderate and minimally active or inactive SLE received standard qHPV vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers to HPV 6, 11, 16 and18 were evaluated pre- and post- vaccine using HPV competitive Luminex Immunoassay.

Medical genetics and genomics training in obstetrics and gynecology residencies: are we ready for the future?

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the availability and duration of formal medical genetics and genomics (MGG) education during obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) residency training in the United States compared to other noncore OB/GYN rotations.

Methods: We performed a review of rotation schedules published in all American Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited OB/GYN residency programs' websites during the month of December 2016. Information regarding availability and duration of MGG rotation and other noncore OB/GYN rotations (ultrasound, breast health, and family planning) were collected.

Utility of Commercial Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) Testing for Detection of Lighter Drinking Among Women of Childbearing Years.

Objective: Even moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy can pose risks to the fetus, making reliable and consistent detection of drinking in pregnancy critical. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) have shown some ability to detect lower levels of drinking, but the sensitivity of commercial EtG/EtS testing to lower levels of drinking among women of childbearing age is unknown. This study sought to determine the ability of an EtG/EtS algorithm, as well as EtG alone, to detect alcohol consumption in women of childbearing age using commercial testing and cutoffs.

Risk of Expectant Management and Optimal Timing of Delivery in Low-Risk Term Pregnancies: A Population-Based Study.

Objective:  The benefits of the 39-week rule have been questioned and concerns of increased stillbirth after adoption of this rule have been raised. Whether expectant management risks outweigh the benefits of awaiting 39 weeks has not been studied. We analyze the risks of expectant management at term and the optimal timing for delivery.

Contemporary epidemiology and novel predictors of uterine rupture: a nationwide population-based study.

Purpose: In spite of several policies aiming to decrease cesarean rates and related complications such as uterine rupture, data show that uterine rupture and associated morbidity are increasing along the years. Whether previously unidentified risk factors are currently playing an important role on these trends is unknown. We analyze current risks of uterine rupture and main preceding factors from more recent years compared to former data.

Racial/ethnic disparities in magnesium sulfate neuroprotection: a subgroup analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Despite known racial disparities in obstetrics, as well as differences in magnesium pharmacodynamics according to race, the effect of race/ethnicity in magnesium sulfate (MgSO) use during pregnancy has not been studied. Whether some mothers are at increased risk of side effects, or infants at decreased neuroprotective effects is unknown. We analyze the effect of race/ethnicity in maternal/infant outcomes after MgSO neuroprotection.

The safety and immunogenicity of Quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of qHPV vaccine in SLE.

Methods: Subjects: 34 women ages 19-50years (yrs.) with mild to moderate SLE & minimally active or inactive SLE received qHPV vaccine at the standard dosing schedule.

Contemporary analysis of maternal and neonatal morbidity after uterine rupture: A nationwide population-based study.

Aim: Uterine rupture is a rare but feared perinatal event. Despite abundant research and changes to guidelines implemented to reduce this complication, evaluation of whether uterine rupture still engenders significant maternal/neonatal morbidity has not been conducted. We analyzed recent cases of maternal/neonatal morbidity after uterine rupture.

Maternal side effects & fetal neuroprotection according to body mass index after magnesium sulfate in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Evidence supports the need of dose-adjustment of several drugs according to body mass index (BMI) to prevent toxicity in the underweight, and ensure efficacy in obese women. However, for MgSO neuroprotection, the effect of BMI on maternal toxicity and fetal neuroprotection is understudied. We analyze the effect of BMI on maternal/infant outcomes after MgSO.

Parental Support, Mental Health, and Alcohol and Marijuana Use in National and High-Risk African-American Adolescent Samples.

African-American adolescents experience disproportionate rates of negative consequences of substance use despite using substances at average or below-average rates. Due to underrepresentation of African-American adolescents in etiological literature, risk and protective processes associated with their substance use require further study. This study examines the role of parental support in adolescents' conduct problems (CPs), depressive symptoms (DSs), and alcohol and marijuana use in a national sample and a high-risk sample of African-American adolescents.

Commercial Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) Testing is Not Vulnerable to Incidental Alcohol Exposure in Pregnant Women.

Background: Ethyl Glucoronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) have shown promise as biomarkers for alcohol and may be sensitive enough for use with pregnant women in whom even low-level alcohol use is important. However, there have been reports of over-sensitivity of EtG and EtS to incidental exposure to sources such as alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Further, few studies have evaluated these biomarkers among pregnant women, in whom the dynamics of these metabolites may differ.

Institute of Medicine Guidelines for Appropiate Pregnancy Weight Gain for Obese Women May Be Too High.

Objective: To investigate how the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines for pregnancy weight gain for obese women relate to the longer-term outcome of childhood obesity.

Study Design: Maternal, neonatal, soioeconomic, and nutritional histories were collected for mothers with children age 2-5 years old. Women in each body mass index (BMI) category were categorized based on under, appropriate (AG), and over weight gain per IOM guidelines and compared with rates of childhood obesity in each category.

Computer-Delivered Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use in Pregnancy: A Pilot Randomized Trial.

Background: Although screening and brief intervention (SBI) for unhealthy alcohol use has demonstrated efficacy in some trials, its implementation has been limited. Technology-delivered approaches are a promising alternative, particularly during pregnancy when the importance of alcohol use is amplified. The present trial evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of an interactive, empathic, video-enhanced, and computer-delivered SBI (e-SBI) plus 3 tailored mailings, and estimated intervention effects.

Racial disparities in the optimal for induction of labor in low-risk term pregnancies: a national population-based study.

Objective: The recommendation for elective induction of labor (IOL) is to await ≥ 39 weeks. Studies show earlier maturity of Blacks compared to Whites. The objective was to examine the effect of the Black race on the risk of intrapartum and neonatal complications after IOL.

Hormone Use, Reproductive History, and Risk of Lung Cancer: The Women's Health Initiative Studies.

Introduction: Results from the Women's Health Initiative clinical trials demonstrated no increase in the risk of lung cancer in postmenopausal women treated with hormone therapy (HT). We conducted a joint analysis of the Women's Health Initiative observational study data and clinical trials data to further explore the association between estrogen and estrogen-related reproductive factors and lung cancer risk.

Methods: Reproductive history, oral contraceptive use, and postmenopausal HT were evaluated in 160,855 women with known HT exposures.