Depression influences fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease amongst other factors: a structural modelling approach.

Objectives: Fatigue is common in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is associated with IBD activity, sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression. The relative contribution of these factors to fatigue is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fatigue and these factors through a novel approach using structural equation modelling.

Accuracy, Acceptability, and Application: Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Early Detection of Advanced Neoplasia in Colonoscopy-Based Surveillance.

Background: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but limited data exist for its application in individuals at above-average risk for CRC who complete surveillance colonoscopies.

Aim: To assess the accuracy, acceptability, and effectiveness of FIT in the interval between surveillance colonoscopies, for predicting advanced neoplasia (advanced adenoma or CRC) at the next colonoscopy.

Methods: Individuals enrolled in an Australian surveillance program were included.

Insomnia is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is associated with mental health conditions as well as IBD activity.

Background/aims: Insomnia is common in people with chronic medical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and is readily treatable through cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. This study aimed to describe the associations with insomnia in people with IBD and its relationship to IBD-related disability.

Methods: An online questionnaire was administered through 3 tertiary IBD centers, social media, and Crohn's Colitis Australia.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of poor sleep in inflammatory bowel disease.

Study Objectives: Poor sleep-in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with worse quality of life, along with anxiety, depression, and fatigue. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of poor sleep-in IBD.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for publications from inception to November 1st 2021.

Simple Novel Screening Tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We aimed to examine the associations of obstructive sleep apnea, sleepiness, and IBD-related data and comorbidities, with the aim of developing a screening tool for sleep apnea in this population.

Methods: An online survey of adults with IBD was administered which included measures of assessment of the risk of OSA, and measures of IBD activity, IBD-related disability, anxiety, and depression.

Examining the influence of inflammatory bowel disease medications on sleep quality.

Background And Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can disrupt sleep, leading to poor sleep quality. This may in part be due to the symptoms of IBD and the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on sleep. This study aimed to investigate the potential influence of IBD medications on sleep quality.

Faecal immunochemical test mitigates risk of delayed colonoscopy in people with elevated risk of colorectal neoplasia.

Background And Aim: Surveillance colonoscopies may be delayed because of pressure on resources, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine whether delayed surveillance colonoscopy increases the risk for advanced neoplasia and whether interval screening with faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) and other known risk factors can mitigate this risk.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of individuals undergoing surveillance colonoscopy for personal or family history of colorectal neoplasia was being provided with FIT between colonoscopies.

Age-related impairment of esophagogastric junction relaxation and bolus flow time.

Aim: To investigate the functional effects of abnormal esophagogastric (EGJ) measurements in asymptomatic healthy volunteers over eighty years of age.

Methods: Data from 30 young controls (11 M, mean age 37 ± 11 years) and 15 aged subjects (9 M, 85 ± 4 years) were compared for novel metrics of EGJ-function: EGJ-contractile integral (EGJ-CI), "total" EGJ-CI and bolus flow time (BFT). Data were acquired using a 3.

Effect of sample storage temperature and buffer formulation on faecal immunochemical test haemoglobin measurements.

Objectives Faecal immunochemical test accuracy may be adversely affected when samples are exposed to high temperatures. This study evaluated the effect of two sample collection buffer formulations (OC-Sensor, Eiken) and storage temperatures on faecal haemoglobin readings. Methods Faecal immunochemical test samples returned in a screening programme and with ≥10 µg Hb/g faeces in either the original or new formulation haemoglobin stabilizing buffer were stored in the freezer, refrigerator, or at room temperature (22℃-24℃), and reanalysed after 1-14 days.

Assessing the clinical and economic impact of increasing treatment uptake in chronic hepatitis B infection using a Markov model.

Unlabelled: Treatment uptake in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is low in South Australia, and the cost-effectiveness of increasing treatment uptake rates in this population has not been assessed.

Aims And Methods: Using a cohort Markov model, cost-effectiveness was assessed for three different treatment uptake scenarios: 2.9% (current level-scenario 1), 10% (scenario 2), and 15% (scenario 3).

Toward More Efficient Surveillance of Barrett's Esophagus: Identification and Exclusion of Patients at Low Risk of Cancer.

Background: Endoscopic surveillance of Barrett's esophagus (BE) is probably not cost-effective. A sub-population with BE at increased risk of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) who could be targeted for cost-effective surveillance was sought.

Methods: The outcome for BE surveillance from 2003 to 2012 in a structured program was reviewed.

The effect of camicinal (GSK962040), a motilin agonist, on gastric emptying and glucose absorption in feed-intolerant critically ill patients: a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.

Background: The promotility agents currently available to treat gastroparesis and feed intolerance in the critically ill are limited by adverse effects. The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacodynamic effects and pharmacokinetics of single doses of the novel gastric promotility agent motilin agonist camicinal (GSK962040) in critically ill feed-intolerant patients.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, study was performed in mechanically ventilated feed-intolerant patients [median age 55 (19-84), 73 % male, APACHE II score 18 (5-37) with a gastric residual volume ≥200 mL].

Improving Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening: a Randomised Controlled Trial of Sequential Offers of Faecal then Blood Based Non-Invasive Tests.

Background: Poor participation rates are often observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs utilising faecal occult blood tests. This may be from dislike of faecal sampling, or having benign bleeding conditions that can interfere with test results. These barriers may be circumvented by offering a blood-based DNA test for screening.

Portable inhaled methoxyflurane is feasible and safe for colonoscopy in subjects with morbid obesity and/or obstructive sleep apnea.

Background And Study Aims: Colonoscopy with inhaled methoxyflurane (Penthrox) is well tolerated in unselected subjects and is not associated with respiratory depression. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the feasibility, safety, and post-procedural outcomes of portable methoxyflurane used as an analgesic agent during colonoscopy with those of anesthesia-assisted deep sedation (AADS) in subjects with morbid obesity and/or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients And Methods: The outcomes of 140 patients with morbid obesity/OSA who underwent colonoscopy with either Penthrox inhalation (n = 85; 46 men, 39 women; mean age 57.

Percutaneous thermal ablation for primary hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Percutaneous thermal ablation using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are both widely available curative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite significant advances, it remains unclear which modality results in better outcomes. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies was undertaken to compare the techniques in terms of effectiveness and safety.

Factors affecting faecal immunochemical test positive rates: demographic, pathological, behavioural and environmental variables.

Objectives: Positive rates in faecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based colorectal cancer screening programmes vary, suggesting that differences between programmes may affect test results. We examined whether demographic, pathological, behavioural, and environmental factors affected haemoglobin concentration and positive rates where samples are mailed.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study; 34,298 collection devices were sent, over five years, to screening invitees (median age 60.

Topical Steroid Therapy for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Current guidelines recommend topical steroids as first-line treatment for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). However, the evidence for this approach has been inconsistent in earlier reports. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the efficacy of topical steroid treatment in active EoE using updated evidence.

Changes in esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter motility with healthy aging.

Background And Aims: Swallowing difficulties become increasingly prevalent in older age. Differences exist in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function between older and younger patients with dysphagia, but the contribution of aging per se to these is unclear.

Methods: Esophageal motor function was measured using high resolution manometry in older (aged 81+/-1.

The effect of an inflammatory bowel disease nurse position on service delivery.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management is increasingly concentrated in units with expertise in the condition leading to substantial improvement in outcomes. Such units often employ nurses with a specialised interest in IBD with enhancements in care reflecting in part the promotion of more efficient use of medical and hospital services by this role. However, the relative contributions of nurse specialist input, and the effect of medical staff with a sub-speciality interest in IBD are unclear although this has major implications for funding.

Modulation of individual components of gastric motor response to duodenal glucose.

Aim: To evaluate individual components of the antro-pyloro-duodenal (APD) motor response to graded small intestinal glucose infusions in healthy humans.

Methods: APD manometry was performed in 15 healthy subjects (12 male; 40 ± 5 years, body mass index 26.5 ± 1.

Fish oil administration in older adults: is there potential for adverse events? A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation is becoming increasingly popular. However given its antithrombotic properties the potential for severe adverse events (SAE) such as bleeding has safety implications, particularly in an older adult population. A systematic review of randomized control trials (RCT) was conducted to explore the potential for SAE and non-severe adverse events (non-SAE) associated with n-3 supplementation in older adults.

Shift to earlier stage at diagnosis as a consequence of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program.

Objective: To assess the impact of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) in South Australia.

Design, Setting And Participants: A cohort comparison of colorectal cancer (CRC) patient data from the NBCSP register and the South Australian Cancer Registry. Patient records of those invited to take part in screening through the NBCSP, those who participated in the program, and those with positive test results were compared with those of the rest of the study population (excluding the group of interest) on an intention-to-screen basis.

Gastric emptying measurement of liquid nutrients using the (13)C-octanoate breath test in critically ill patients: a comparison with scintigraphy.

Purpose: Scintigraphy is considered the most accurate technique for the measurement of gastric emptying (GE) but, for patients in the intensive care unit, it is technically demanding, involves radiation and can interfere with care. The (13)C-octanoate breath test ((13)C-OBT) is a simple, non-invasive technique that does not involve radiation exposure.

Aim: To evaluate the performance of the (13)C-OBT in the assessment of GE in critically ill patients.