A Focused Addiction Curriculum and Its Impact on Student Knowledge, Attitudes, and Confidence in the Treatment of Patients with Substance Use.

Background: Assessment of attitudes towards addiction in medical students has largely gone unexplored. This study examines the impact of a supplemental substance use disorder curriculum in the psychiatry clerkship on medical student attitudes towards addiction.

Methods: The curriculum was only administered to students at one clerkship site.

Mechanisms of obesity and related pathologies: androgen deficiency and endothelial dysfunction may be the link between obesity and erectile dysfunction.

Obesity is associated with a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction; however, the pathophysiological link between obesity and erectile dysfunction remains poorly understood. In this minireview, we have attempted to evaluate the existing literature pertaining to obesity and erectile dysfunction to determine whether a common pathophysiological link exists. Visceral obesity is associated with increased inflammatory responses, which contribute to endothelial dysfunction.

Obesity and erectile dysfunction: is androgen deficiency the common link?

Obesity is associated with increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED); however, the underlying causes of ED in obese individuals remain poorly defined. The aim of this review is to discuss the evidence available on the relationship between obesity and ED. A search of published studies in PubMed from 1970 through 2009 was conducted, and relevant articles were evaluated and discussed.

The dark side of testosterone deficiency: III. Cardiovascular disease.

A considerable body of evidence exists suggesting that androgen deficiency contributes to the onset, progression, or both of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to evaluate the relationships between testosterone (T) deficiency and risk factors of CVD and to discuss the implications of androgen deficiency in men with cardiovascular risk factors. The relationship between androgen deficiency and endothelial function, lipid profiles, inflammatory responses, altered vascular smooth muscle reactivity, and hypertension are discussed with regard to CVD.

Testosterone therapy in women with gynecological and sexual disorders: a triumph of clinical endocrinology from 1938 to 2008.

Introduction: Although the term "medicalization" has been used by some to describe contemporary testosterone use in women with sexual disorders and testosterone deficiency syndrome, testosterone therapy for women with various gynecological and sexual disorders has been practiced since the late 1930s.

Aim: The study aimed to perform a historical review of testosterone use in women with sexual and gynecological disorders. This review is necessary to bridge important knowledge gaps in the clinical use of testosterone in women with sexual health concerns and to provoke new thoughts and understanding of the multidisciplinary role of testosterone in women's overall health.