Surgical improvement of hepatic venous mixing to resolve systemic arterial hypoxemia associated with post-Fontan pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae.

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae are known to develop in patients who have functional single-ventricle heart disease and interruption of the inferior vena cava with direct hepatic drainage to the heart, in which a bidirectional Glenn shunt is the only source of pulmonary blood flow. The progressive systemic arterial hypoxemia that is associated with pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae can have important clinical consequences. Baffling the hepatic venous return to the pulmonary circulation can alleviate pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae.

Complete unilateral leg duplication with ipsilateral renal agenesis.

Unlabelled: A case of a 5-month-old infant with complete duplication of the right leg and ipsilateral renal agenesis is presented. There was also a duplicated scrotum, posterior urethral valves with hydronephrosis, abnormal pelvic bones, and a ventricular septal defect. Complete caudal duplication is exceedingly rare.

Analysis of pulmonary vascular response to acute alveolar hypoxic challenge in young rabbits subjected to chronic hypoxia from birth.

Chronic alveolar hypoxia induces vascular changes leading to pulmonary hypertension. We investigated the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) on basal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and on changes in PAP arising from an acute alveolar hypoxic challenge (AAHC) in normoxic and chronically hypoxic young rabbits. The chronically hypoxic rabbits were raised from birth in a chamber containing a (10% O2 + 90% N2) gas mixture, whereas the normoxic rabbits were kept in room air.