Descriptive record of the activity of military critical care transfer teams deployed to London in April 2020 to undertake transfer of patients with COVID-19.

In the face of the COVID-19 outbreak, military healthcare teams were deployed to London to assist the London Ambulance Service t transfer ventilated patients between medical facilities. This paper describes the preparation and activity of these military teams, records the lessons identified (LI) and reviews the complications encountered'. The teams each had two members.

Evaluation of Potential Optical Radiation Hazards from LED Flashlights.

We performed optical radiation safety evaluations of LED flashlights to determine if they pose potential ocular hazards. Six commercially available flashlight samples were randomly selected from various vendors online. They were evaluated in accordance with specifications provided in the American National Standards Institute/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (ANSI/IESNA) Standards RP 27.

Quantitative Evaluation of a Time-Dependent Eye Hazard Posed by Laser Pointers.

A novel test methodology was developed for quantitative evaluation of critical radiant power characteristics as a function of time for diode pumped solid state (DPSS) laser pointers. It is based on a simultaneous measurement of time-dependent radiant power characteristics of multi-wavelength spectral components emitted by DPSS laser pointers. The authors tested green DPSS laser pointers, which emit three spectral components at the fundamental near-infrared (1064-nm), pumping near-infrared (808-nm), and second-harmonic green (532-nm) wavelengths.

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler (SLPS) Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses.

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles. This protocol describes the SLSP platform and how it employs a 360° rotational photodetector sensor that is scanned around an IOL sample while recording the intensity and location of scattered light as it passes through the IOL medium. The SLSP platform can be used to predict, non-clinically, the propensity for current and novel IOL designs and materials to induce light scatter.

Evaluation of the Potential Optical Radiation Hazards with Led Lamps Intended for Home Use.

The authors evaluated the potential for ocular damage from optical radiation emitted by Light Emitting Diode (LED) based lamps used for general illumination. Ten LED lamps were randomly selected off the shelf from a local home improvement store. The LEDs were behind diffusers in half of these lamps, while in the other half, the LEDs were clearly visible.

Confocal laser method for quantitative evaluation of critical optical properties of toric intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To present a proof-of-concept study on the development and implementation of an innovative confocal laser method platform for precise quantitative evaluation of critical optical properties unique to toric intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Setting: U.S.

Prehospital Blood Product Resuscitation for Trauma: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Administration of high ratios of plasma to packed red blood cells is a routine practice for in-hospital trauma resuscitation. Military and civilian emergency teams are increasingly carrying prehospital blood products (PHBP) for trauma resuscitation. This study systematically reviewed the clinical literature to determine the extent to which the available evidence supports this practice.

A novel full-angle scanning light scattering profiler to quantitatively evaluate forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses.

Glare, glistenings, optical defects, dysphotopsia, and poor image quality are a few of the known deficiencies of intraocular lenses (IOLs). All of these optical phenomena are related to light scatter. However, the specific direction that light scatters makes a critical difference between debilitating glare and a slightly noticeable decrease in image quality.

Protocol for a systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of pre-hospital blood components compared to other resuscitative fluids in patients with major traumatic haemorrhage.

Background: There is growing interest in the use of blood components for pre-hospital resuscitation of patients with major traumatic haemorrhage. It has been speculated that early resuscitation with blood components may have benefits in terms of treating trauma-induced coagulopathy, which in turn may influence survival. The proposed systematic review will evaluate the evidence on the clinical effectiveness of pre-hospital blood components (red blood cells and/or plasma or whole blood), in both civilian and military settings, compared with other resuscitation strategies in patients with major traumatic haemorrhage.

Assessing the effect of laser beam width on quantitative evaluation of optical properties of intraocular lens implants.

The design and manufacture of intraocular lenses (IOLs) depend upon the identification and quantitative preclinical evaluation of key optical properties and environmental parameters. The confocal laser method (CLM) is a new technique for measuring IOL optical properties, such as dioptric power, optical quality, refractive index, and geometrical parameters. In comparison to competing systems, the CLM utilizes a fiber-optic confocal laser design that significantly improves the resolution, accuracy, and repeatability of optical measurements.

Impact of environmental temperature on optical power properties of intraocular lenses.

Optical power properties of lenses and materials in general can be influenced by thermal changes of the material and surrounding medium. In the case of an intraocular lens (IOL) implant, the spherical power (SP), cylinder power, (CP), astigmatism, and spherical aberration are the critical fundamental properties that can significantly impact its efficacy. Directly evaluating how changes in temperature can affect these optical properties may show the importance of considering temperature when evaluating IOL optical characteristics.

Quantification of glistenings in intraocular lenses using a ballistic-photon removing integrating-sphere method.

An alternative method for quantification of glistenings in intraocular lenses (IOLs) using an integrating sphere with an adjustable back aperture to remove ballistic photons is presented. Glistenings in soft IOLs have been known for more than a decade; however, their severity and visual impact are still under investigation. A number of studies have been made to quantitatively describe glistenings in IOLs.

Noncontact common-path Fourier domain optical coherence tomography method for in vitro intraocular lens power measurement.

We propose a novel common-path Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (CP-FD-OCT) method for noncontact, accurate, and objective in vitro measurement of the dioptric power of intraocular lenses (IOLs) implants. The CP-FD-OCT method principle of operation is based on simple two-dimensional scanning common-path Fourier domain optical coherence tomography. By reconstructing the anterior and posterior IOL surfaces, the radii of the two surfaces, and thus the IOL dioptric power are determined.