Cognitive Abilities and Collaboration in Couples in Type 1 Diabetes Management.

Managing type 1 diabetes involves coordinating complex daily behaviors that may rely on the cognitive abilities of people with diabetes (PWD) and spouses, especially as couples collaborate surrounding diabetes care. The aims of the study were to examine whether ) the cognitive abilities of PWD and their spouses predicted lower A1C, ) collaborating with a spouse with higher cognitive abilities was especially beneficial for PWD with lower cognitive abilities, and ) the benefit of the cognitive abilities of PWD and their spouse occurred through better self-care. Couples ( = 199) were recruited with one member diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (PWD 52% female sex, average age 46.

Relationship satisfaction moderates links between poor sleep quality and psychological distress among couples coping with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: We examined links between sleep quality and psychological distress among couples dealing with type 1 diabetes (T1D) across cross-sectional and daily diary methods and investigated whether relationship satisfaction moderated these associations.

Methods: 199 persons with T1D and their spouses completed survey questionnaires reporting their own sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and relationship satisfaction. They also completed 14-day diaries reporting their own sleep quality and negative affect.

Socioeconomic status in early adolescence predicts blunted stress responses in adulthood.

Individuals who grow up in families with lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to experience disproportionate rates of chronic stress. The "freeze" response, characterized by blunted cardiovascular reactivity and reduced engagement with the environment, is associated with chronic stress and may be utilized when an individual is unable to escape or overcome environmental stressors. Using a diverse community sample of 184 adolescents followed from the age of 13 to 29 years, along with their friends and romantic partners, this study examined links between family SES and stress responses in adulthood.

Parental Relationships, Patient-Centered Communication With Healthcare Providers, and Diabetes Management Across Emerging Adulthood.

Objective: To examine whether yearly fluctuations in acceptance from and disclosure to parents were associated with fluctuations in perceptions of patient-centered communication (PCC) with the healthcare provider and whether fluctuations in PCC were associated with self-efficacy, type 1 diabetes self-care, and HbA1c across four annual assessments during early emerging adulthood (EA).

Methods: A total of 228 high school seniors (M age = 17.76 years at time 1) reported on mothers' and fathers' acceptance and diabetes-related disclosure to parents, diabetes self-care, and PCC once per year for 4 years.

Diabetes support from romantic partners during early emerging adulthood.

We examined support for type 1 diabetes in casual versus committed romantic relationships and links to blood glucose, self-care, and affect in 101 young adults (M 18.8). Individuals provided survey and daily measures of support and blood glucose and affect during a 14-day diary period.

Perceived social support and ambulatory blood pressure during daily life: a meta-analysis.

Perceived social support has been linked to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. However, more information is needed on the biological mechanisms potentially responsible for such links. The main aim of this paper was to conduct a meta-analytic review of the association between perceived social support and awake ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) which is linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Couples Managing Type 1 Diabetes Using Diabetes Technology.

Objective: Diabetes technology has improved the lives of people with diabetes (PWD), but there is little research on how insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) affect couples' relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine how the use of diabetes technology affects couple interactions.

Methods: In a secondary data analysis, we used a multiple-method qualitative analysis, including a constant-comparison approach, to examine similarities and differences in couple interactions related to diabetes technology.

Observed dyadic collaboration among couples coping with type 1 diabetes.

Previous research linking collaboration to relationship and health outcomes has relied almost exclusively on individual self-report and failed to take into consideration the dyadic nature of collaboration. We enrolled couples ( = 193) in which one person had Type 1 diabetes (52% female; 91% non-Hispanic white) into the study and asked them to discuss a diabetes-related issue of high concern for 8 min. These videotaped interactions were coded for dyadic collaboration.

Daily stress spillover and crossover in couples coping with type 1 diabetes.

In the context of a chronic illness such as Type 1 diabetes (T1D), managing general stressors may be linked to diabetes-specific stressors for persons with T1D, an intraindividual contagion phenomenon (i.e., spillover).

The developmental precursors of blunted cardiovascular responses to stress.

Blunted cardiovascular responses to stress have been associated with both mental and physical health concerns. This multi-method, longitudinal study examined the role of chronic social-developmental stress from adolescence onward as a precursor to these blunted stress responses. Using a diverse community sample of 184 adolescents followed from age 13 to 29 along with friends and romantic partners, this study found that high levels of parental psychological control at age 13 directly predicted a blunted heart rate response and indirectly predicted blunted respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity under stress.

The benefits of daily exercise on blood glucose levels and affect among adults with type 1 diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the concurrent and lagged effects of daily exercise on daily blood glucose level and affect among persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). 199 persons with T1D (M = 46.82) completed a 14-day diary in which they reported on their engagement in moderate to vigorous exercise for 30 min and positive and negative affect.

The Role of Self-regulation Failures and Self-care in the Link Between Daily Sleep Quality and Blood Glucose Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Sleep, a process that restores the body's ability to self-regulate, may be one important factor affecting self-care behaviors and blood glucose (BG) levels. The link between sleep quality, self-care behaviors, and BG levels may occur by sleep-altering daily self-regulatory failures.

Purpose: This study examined whether the relation between sleep quality and self-care behaviors occurred through self-regulation failures and whether the relation between sleep quality and BG levels occurred through self-regulation failures and self-care behaviors sequentially.

Enemies and friends in high-tech places: the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure.

Background: Interpersonal positivity and negativity are separable dimensions both recognized as having important effects on health. Though online social interactions and research examining them are increasingly common, no validated instrument has heretofore been developed to examine social support and social negativity specifically in online contexts. The present studies describe the development and validation of the Online Social Experiences Measure (OSEM) to allow for assessment of online social positivity and negativity simultaneously.

Sleep Quality and Inflammation in Married Heterosexual Couples: an Actor-Partner Analysis.

Background: Subjective sleep quality is a predictor of important health outcomes, but little work has examined the social context of sleep that might inform theoretical models and intervention approaches. The present study tested actor-partner models of sleep quality and its links to inflammatory markers.

Method: Participants were 84 middle-age to older adult heterosexual married couples who completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and had blood drawn for determination of CRP and IL-6 levels.

Social support and sleep: A meta-analysis.

Objective: While the implications of social support are increasingly well understood, no meta-analytic review to date has examined the intersection of the social support and sleep literatures. The aims of this meta-analysis were primarily to review the association between social support and sleep and additionally to test several proposed moderators from prior work.

Method: Using a literature search and the ancestry approach, the review identified 61 studies with a total of 105,437 participants.

Strained Bedfellows: An Actor-Partner Analysis of Spousal Attachment Insecurity and Sleep Quality.

Background: The quality of interpersonal ties-especially closer relationships-appears to be associated with physical health outcomes. Sleep is one pathway through which relationships and health appear to be linked, but this has been inadequately investigated in the context of dyadic attachment.

Purpose: The present study examined links between relationship-specific attachment anxiety (which can involve preoccupation with one's partner, negative relationship cognitions, and fear of abandonment) and avoidance (e.

Social support, social integration, and inflammatory cytokines: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Social support and social integration have been linked to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. However, the biological mechanisms responsible for such links need greater attention to advance theory and unique intervention opportunities. The main aim of this article was to conduct a meta-analytic review of the association between social support-social integration and inflammatory cytokines (e.

A multivariate dynamic systems model for psychotherapy with more than one client.

The dynamics of the give and take between therapist and client(s) is frequently of interest to therapy process researchers. Characterizing the ways that therapists respond to clients and clients respond to therapists can be challenging in therapeutic encounters involving a single therapist and a single client. The complexity of this challenge increases as the number of people involved in a therapeutic encounter increases not only because there are more people responding to one another but also because the patterns of responding can become more complex.

(Too) Anxious to help? Social support provider anxiety and cardiovascular function.

Provider factors, such as anxiety, may be important in understanding effects of received social support (SS), which are less consistently positive than those of perceived SS. Due to the dyadic nature of support, anxiety on the part of the provider was predicted to influence the effectiveness of received SS. This laboratory study examined effects of SS provider anxiety within unacquainted dyads on cardiovascular reactivity during acute stress.

Life satisfaction and inflammation in couples: an actor-partner analysis.

Life satisfaction has been linked to lower cardiovascular disease mortality. However, much less is known about the biological mechanisms linking life satisfaction to physical health. In addition, the dyadic context of life satisfaction has not been considered despite increasing evidence that partners influence each other in health-relevant ways.

Dispositional optimism and sleep quality: a test of mediating pathways.

Dispositional optimism has been related to beneficial influences on physical health outcomes. However, its links to global sleep quality and the psychological mediators responsible for such associations are less studied. This study thus examined if trait optimism predicted global sleep quality, and if measures of subjective well-being were statistical mediators of such links.

The quality of social networks predicts age-related changes in cardiovascular reactivity to stress.

Although existing life span models suggest that positivity in relationships should benefit the health of older adults, much less is known about how relationships that contain both positive and negative aspects (i.e., ambivalent ties) might influence age-associated cardiovascular risk.