Vaccination against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) reduces the magnitude and duration of viremia following challenge with a virulent heterologous field strain.

Forty PRRS-negative, three week-old weaned pigs were randomized into two groups in separate rooms and inoculated with a modified live PRRS vaccine (Fostera PRRS) or control (PBS). Four weeks after vaccination pigs were rehoused in a single room and challenged intranasally and intramuscularly with virulent PRRSV strain NADC20. Timed serum samples were collected and titrated for PRRS virus and anti-PRRS virus antibodies.

Construction of chimeric bovine viral diarrhea viruses containing glycoprotein E rns of heterologous pestiviruses and evaluation of the chimeras as potential marker vaccines against BVDV.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections are enzootic in the cattle population and continue to cause significant economic losses to the beef and dairy industries worldwide. Extent of the damages has stimulated increasing interest in control programs directed at eradicating BVDV infections. Use of a BVDV marker vaccine would facilitate eradication efforts as a negatively marked vaccine would enable differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA).

The 2.3-angstrom structure of porcine circovirus 2.

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a T=1 nonenveloped icosahedral virus that has had severe impact on the swine industry. Here we report the crystal structure of an N-terminally truncated PCV2 virus-like particle at 2.3-Å resolution, and the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) image reconstruction of a full-length PCV2 virus-like particle at 9.

CD163 expression confers susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses.

Direct functional screening of a cDNA expression library derived from primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) revealed that CD163 is capable of conferring a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-permissive phenotype when introduced into nonpermissive cells. Transient-transfection experiments showed that full-length CD163 cDNAs from PAM, human U937 cells (histiocytic lymphoma), African green monkey kidney cells (MARC-145 and Vero), primary mouse peritoneal macrophages, and canine DH82 (histocytosis) cells encode functional virus receptors. In contrast, CD163 splice variants without the C-terminal transmembrane anchor domain do not provide PRRSV receptor function.