Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer molecular subtypes predict differential response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

The recommended treatment for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) is tumor resection followed by adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) bladder instillations. However, only 50% of patients benefit from this therapy. If progression to advanced disease occurs, then patients must undergo a radical cystectomy with risks of substantial morbidity and poor clinical outcome.

T1 Substaging of Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer is Associated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin Failure and Improves Patient Stratification at Diagnosis.

Purpose: Currently, markers are lacking that can identify patients with high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer who will fail bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of T1 substaging in patients with primary high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: Patients with primary high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer who received ≥5 bacillus Calmette-Guérin induction instillations were included.

Cost-effectiveness of routine screening for Lynch syndrome in endometrial cancer patients up to 70years of age.

Purpose: To assess cost-effectiveness of routine screening for Lynch Syndrome (LS) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients ≤70years of age.

Methods: Consecutive EC patients ≤70years of age were screened for LS by analysis of microsatellite instability, immunohistochemistry and MLH1 hypermethylation. Costs and health benefit in life years gained (LYG) included surveillance for LS carriers among EC patients and relatives.

Prospective evaluation of molecular screening for Lynch syndrome in patients with endometrial cancer ≤ 70 years.

Objective: Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary syndrome that predisposes to multiple malignancies including endometrial cancer (EC). We aimed to evaluate a diagnostic strategy for LS based on routine analysis of microsatellite instability (MSI) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in tumour tissue of all newly diagnosed EC patients ≤ 70 years.

Methods: Consecutive EC patients ≤ 70 years were included prospectively in eight Dutch centres.

Comparison of incidentally detected prostate cancer with screen-detected prostate cancer treated by prostatectomy.

Background: The prostate may often harbor a prostate cancer (PC) which will not cause morbidity if left untreated. Screening for PC leads to increased detection of these insignificant cancers. Objective of this study is to compare PC detected by PSA screening at subsequent screening rounds and treated by radical prostatectomy (RP) with PC incidentally found in cystoprostatectomy specimens.

A case of consistent discrepancies between urine and blood human chorionic gonadotropin measurements.

Background: Our laboratory was confronted with two successive urine samples from a single patient which tested positive for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) when tested with both qualitative and quantitative assays, combined with no detectable hCG in corresponding plasma samples.

Methods: Serial dilution and recovery experiments were performed in order to investigate the presence of interfering substances or a high-dose hook effect. The ovarian cysts that were removed from this patient were immunohistochemically stained using polyclonal anti-human hCG antibodies.

A critical analysis of the tumor volume threshold for clinically insignificant prostate cancer using a data set of a randomized screening trial.

Purpose: The identification of clinically insignificant prostate cancer could help avoid overtreatment. Current criteria for insignificant prostate cancer use a tumor volume threshold of less than 0.5 ml for the index tumor.

Should pathologists routinely report prostate tumour volume? The prognostic value of tumour volume in prostate cancer.

Background: The independent prognostic value of tumour volume in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens is controversial, and it remains a matter of debate whether pathologists should report a measure of tumour volume. In addition, tumour volume might be of value in substaging of pathologic tumour stage (pT2) prostate cancer (PCa).

Objective: To assess the prognostic value of PCa tumour volume.

Cancer detection and cancer characteristics in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)--Section Rotterdam. A comparison of two rounds of screening.

Objectives: To evaluate the features, rates, and characteristics of prostate cancer detected during two subsequent screening rounds.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the database of European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), section Rotterdam. Men, ages 55-74 yr were screened with a 4-yr interval.

Genetic evaluation of localized prostate cancer in a cohort of forty patients: gain of distal 8q discriminates between progressors and nonprogressors.

Over-representation of sequences on chromosome 7 and 8 have been reported to be associated with aggressive behavior of prostate cancer. In this study we have performed a molecular cytogenetic survey by comparative genomic hybridization of a cohort of 40 prostate cancer patients, consisting of 20 progressors and 20 nonprogressors, after radical surgery for localized adenocarcinoma. Progression was defined as a biochemical relapse, ie, an elevation in prostate-specific antigen level in the serum.