Publications by authors named "Robert Espinoza"

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has emerged as a powerful optical imaging technique for tissue diagnosis. In recent years, two-color SRS has been shown to be able to provide hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-equivalent images that allow fast and reliable diagnosis of brain cancer. Such capability has enabled exciting intraoperative cancer diagnosis applications.

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Long-term services and supports for older persons in the United States are provided in a complex, racially segregated system, with striking racial disparities in access, process, and outcomes of care for residents, which have been magnified during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. These disparities are in large measure the result of longstanding patterns of structural, interpersonal, and cultural racism in US society, which in aggregate represent an underpinning of systemic racism that permeates the long-term care system's organization, administration, regulations, and human services. Mechanisms underlying the role of systemic racism in producing the observed disparities are numerous.

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Most aspects of the lives of ectotherms are temperature dependent. Achieving the warmer body temperatures (T s) typically required for optimal performance can be particularly challenging for nocturnal ectotherms. Homonota darwinii-the world's southernmost gecko-is broadly distributed in southern Argentina (35-52 °S latitude) where cold climates over parts of its range likely pose an additional performance challenge for this nocturnal lizard.

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A phylogenetic taxonomic analysis of a monophyletic subgroup of the salamandrid genus Tylototriton revealed that a newly discovered population from Ngar Su Village, 1 km south of Ywangan, Shan State, Myanmar is a new species and most closely related to T. shanorum from approximately 80 km to the west in the vicinity of Taunggyi, Shan State. Tylototriton ngarsuensis sp.

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A phylogenetic taxonomic analysis indicates that a newly discovered population of Cyrtodactylus from the vicinity of Ywangan Town in the Shan Hills, Shan State, Myanmar is a new species (C. ywanganensis sp. nov.

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A phylogenetic taxonomy of species in the group from the Ayeyarwady Basin of Myanmar is constructed based on color pattern, morphology, and molecular systematic analyses using the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2. Newly collected samples from the type locality of and other localities indicate that this clade is endemic to central Myanmar and contains at least seven species, four of which are undescribed. Three species, including occur in the low hills of the Bago Yoma Range within the central portion of the Ayeyarwady Basin.

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The marriage equality movement and the Affordable Care Act have enormous potential to reduce health disparities in LGBT elders, but more data and additional policy changes are sorely needed.

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Herbivory has evolved in many groups of vertebrates, but it is rare among both extinct and extant nonavian reptiles. Among squamate reptiles, (lizards, snakes, and their relatives), <2% of the >7,800 species are considered to be herbivorous, and herbivory is restricted to lizards. Here, we show that within a group of South American lizards (Liolaemidae, approximately 170 species), herbivory has evolved more frequently than in all other squamates combined and at a rate estimated to be >65 times faster.

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