Problematic smartphone use in a representative sample of US adults: Prevalence and predictors.

The exponential growth in worldwide smartphone adoption has led to mounting concerns about problematic smartphone use (PSU), with some studies of variably defined PSU yielding prevalence rates as high as 20 to 30%. The present study aims to (a) estimate the prevalence of PSU while emphasizing functional impairment, and (b) examine the degree to which a set of demographic, contextual, behavioral and mental health variables can predict PSU. A representative U.

[Supporting the applicability and transferability of the “Sortir Ensemble & Se Respecter” program in France].

Introduction: The prevention of intimate partner violence (IPV) among young people is a major challenge for public policies. Nevertheless, there are a few prevention programs that have proven effective in France. “Sortir Ensemble & Se Respecter” (SE&SR) is a Swiss adaptation of “Safe Dates,” an American intervention program that has reduced violent behavior by young perpetrators and victims of IPV alike.

Predictors of compulsive cyberporn use: A machine learning analysis.

Introduction: Compulsive cyberporn use (CCU) has previously been reported among people who use cyberporn. However, most of the previous studies included convenience samples of students or samples of the general adult population. Research examining the factors that predict or are associated with CCU are still scarce.

The structure of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised: Global distress, Somatization, Hostility, and Phobic Anxiety scales are reliable and robust across community and clinical samples from four European countries.

While the reliability of SCL-90-R subscales is often questioned, five relatively recent European studies have examined the factor structure of SCL-90-R using a bifactor model and concluded that most of these subscales are reliable. However, examination of their results shows that three subscales, Somatization, Hostility, and Phobic Anxiety, consistently had significantly higher reliability than the other six across clinical and community samples recruited in three very different European countries, Greece, Hungary, and the Netherlands. The objective of this study was to examine whether this "top-3″ would be found in a sample from a fourth European country, France.

The bifocal model: A two-level clinical model of psychiatric disorders integrating diagnostic and transdiagnostic approaches.

Nowadays, two distinct conceptualizations are available to classify, label and guide the treatment of psychiatric disorders: the diagnostic approach and the transdiagnostic approach. There are pros and cons to both approaches. We propose here to link these two conceptualizations by creating a two-level clinical model that takes advantages of both approaches, named the bifocal model (BFM).

A reliable instrument for making use of an overly neglected source of information on personality: The French adaptation of the Big Five Inventory-2 (Bfi-2) informant-report form.

Objectives: The assessment of personality traits is most often based on self-report. However, a growing body of research has shown that informant-report is a valuable and too often overlooked source of unique information. The aim of this study was to validate the French version of the informant-report form of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) which assesses 15 facet traits in addition to the five major trait domains.

Parental Attachment, Self-Esteem, Social Problem-Solving, Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in Emerging Adulthood.

Emerging adults can experience conflicts with their dating partner, leading to intimate partner violence (IPV). In order to understand the vulnerability factors involved in IPV victimization, the current study explored a serial multiple mediation model to determine the links between parental attachment (to the father and mother), self-esteem, and social problem solving (SPS) on the three forms of IPV (psychological, physical and sexual). Based on an online survey, 756 emerging adults (84.

Dysfunctional Attitudes, Sociotropy-Autonomy, and Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in Emerging Adulthood.

Understanding the dynamics and vulnerability factors involved in intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among emerging adults is important in order to better prevent it from happening. The current study aimed to investigate the relationships among dysfunctional attitudes, sociotropy-autonomy, and types of IPV victimization (i.e.

Self-Esteem, Social Problem Solving and Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in Emerging Adulthood.

Although there are many studies examining the psychosocial vulnerability factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in emerging adulthood, little is known about the life skills that may be involved, such as social problem solving (SPS) and self-esteem. The aim of the current study is to explore the relationships between SPS, self-esteem, and types (i.e.

Smartphone apps for mental health and wellbeing: A usage survey and machine learning analysis of psychological and behavioral predictors.

Objective: Despite the availability of thousands of mental health applications, the extent to which they are used and the factors associated with their use remain largely unknown. The present study aims to (a) assess in a representative US-based population sample the use of smartphone apps for mental health and wellbeing (SAMHW), (b) determine the variables predicting the use of SAMHW, and (c) explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone "addiction" may be associated with the use of SAMHW.

Methods: Data was collected via online questionnaire from 1989 adults.

Is it possible to use the HCR-20 V2 to assess the risk of violent recidivism of French offenders?

The Historical-Clinical-Risk Management Scale 20 (HCR-20) is a structured tool to assess the risk of violence and assist in its management. French professionals are reluctant to use it because only a few studies have shown its psychometric qualities with French samples. The objective of this study is to test the psychometric qualities of the HCR-20 with samples of violent detainees in France.

Assessment of the Popularity and Perceived Effectiveness of Smartphone Tools That Track and Limit Smartphone Use: Survey Study and Machine Learning Analysis.

Background: Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field.

Objective: We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use.

Contribution of a Cluster Approach to Identify the Profiles of Men Sentenced for Sexual Violence According to Their Risk of Reoffending.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to propose a typology of recidivism risk profiles based on the criminogenic needs of a population of men sentenced for sexual violence. Their socio-demographic, criminological, psychological, and psychiatric factors and vulnerabilities are compared. This classification will respond to the need for a better identification of the factors involved in the risk of recidivism of men sentenced for sexual violence, in order to develop more effective management.

Validation of the French Version of the Positivity Scale (P Scale).

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the French version of the Positivity scale (P scale), a self-report measure of positivity, which is the tendency to view and address life and experience with a positive outlook. Positivity is seen as a latent factor underlying multiple cognitive concepts such as self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism.

Methods: We recruited 666 volunteers (540 women and 126 men).

Machine learning reveals the most important psychological and social variables predicting the differential diagnosis of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.

There is an ongoing debate about the importance and the extent to which psychological and psychopathological factors, adverse childhood experiences, and socio-demographic characteristics are associated with the development of certain types of rheumatic disease. With the aim of contributing to knowledge on the subject, the present study uses machine learning modeling to determine the importance of 20 psychological and social variables in predicting two classes of rheumatic disease: inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) (rheumatoid arthritis = RA, spondyloarthritis = SA, and Sjögren's syndrome = SS) versus non-inflammatory RMD, namely fibromyalgia = FM). A total of 165 French women with FM, RA, SA, and SS completed an inventory of personality traits, a psychopathology diagnosis questionnaire, and a fatigue/pain questionnaire.

The Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Validation Among Non-Clinical and Clinical French-Speaking Samples and Comparison With the Full Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0.

Objectives: The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) was designed to assess food addiction using a shorter version than the YFAS 2.

Left amygdala volume and brain tissue pulsatility are associated with neuroticism: an MRI and ultrasound study.

Brain changes associated with the personality trait of neuroticism have been partly elucidated. While subcortical brain volume changes, especially a larger amygdala, appear consistent in high neuroticism, functional changes, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) differences, have shown conflicting results, possibly because of the limitations in methods of CBF measurement. In our study, we investigated changes in amygdala volume and CBF-related function associated with neuroticism in healthy and depressed subjects using both conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain volume and the innovative technique of ultrasound Tissue Pulsatility Imaging (TPI), which has a high level of detection in measuring brain tissue pulsatility (BTP).

Childhood Trauma Predicts Less Remission from PTSD among Patients with Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder and PTSD.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent among patients hospitalized for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hospitalization can improve PTSD and AUD outcomes in some but not all patients, but we lack data on the baseline predictors of PTSD non-remission. This study aimed to determine the baseline risk factors for non-remitted PTSD in patients hospitalized for an AUD.

Contribution of sexual desire and motives to the compulsive use of cybersex.

Background And Aims: Cybersex is increasingly associated with concerns about compulsive use. The aim of this study was to assess the roles of motives and sexual desire in the compulsive use of cybersex.

Methods: The sample consisted of 306 cybersex users (150 men and 156 women).

[African community empowerment approach to diagnosis in Health Care in two countries: Guinea Conakry and Congo Brazzaville].

Background: After immigration to France, the populations of Sub-Saharan Africa have often maintained their traditional lifestyles, this is why housing policies have been promoting their clustering in priority neighborhoods. Discussing issues about health promotion, requires to investigate health policies in their countries of origin.

Method: For this, we (i) organized brainstorming sessions with a group of 16 persons resident in France who were involved in a process of empowerment strengthening of community health programs in order to make them understood the incentives and the obstacles in health care in their countries of origin.

[Community health and interculturality].

An interventional research study in public health was carried out with populations originating from sub-Saharan Africa living in France. With the aim of acting on health inequalities through health education, the researchers focused notably on the links between intercultural relationships and the improvement of health promotion actions.

Food Addiction is Associated with Higher Neuroticism, Lower Conscientiousness, Higher Impulsivity, but Lower Extraversion in Obese Patient Candidates for Bariatric Surgery.

Background: The "food addiction" phenotype identifies a subpopulation of individuals experiencing substance-dependence symptoms toward specific foods. In the current debate on whether the "food addiction" phenotype should be considered as an addictive disorder, assessment of the personality traits associated with this phenotype would provide arguments for or against the "food addiction" phenotype and its inclusion in the "substance-related and addictive disorder" category.

Objectives: To assess the personality characteristics associated with the "food addiction" phenotype in obesity surgery candidates (i.