Enriched Molecular-Level View of Saline Wetland Soil Carbon by Sensitivity-Enhanced Solid-State NMR.

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emission and regulating earth's climate, carbon cycle, and biodiversity. Wetland soils account for one-third of all SOM; however, globally, coastal wetland soils are eroding faster due to increasing sea-level rise. Our understanding of carbon sequestration dynamics in wetlands lags behind that of upland soils.

Mixed evidence for the relationship between HIV stigma and Pain in two studies of people with HIV in Florida.

Previous work suggests that HIV stigma is associated with greater pain severity. We sought to characterize this relationship by examining intersectional identities that tend to be stigmatized (i.e.

A Scoping Review of Observational Research on Cannabis Use for Symptom Management in HIV and Cancer: Implications for Cannabis Nursing.

Background: People with HIV have a higher risk of developing non-AIDS-defining cancers in older age, leading to a significant population living with two conditions, HIV and cancer. There is an increasing interest in cannabis use for symptom management in people with chronic conditions; in 2023, the American Nurses Association officially recognised cannabis nursing as a specialty nursing practice focusing on the care of individuals seeking education/guidance in the therapeutic use of cannabis, supporting the urgency of its research. However, the scientific literature lacks a synthesised review in the focused populations.

Recommendations for the Design and Implementation of Alcohol Pharmacotherapy Trials: Perspectives of Women With HIV Participating in the WHAT-IF Study.

Objectives: Naltrexone for alcohol reduction has been poorly studied in women with HIV (WWH), for whom heavy alcohol use is associated with negative HIV outcomes. This study offers recommendations for researchers conducting alcohol pharmacotherapy trials among PWH as suggested by WWH who participated in an alcohol pharmacotherapy trial in Florida.

Methods: The WHAT-IF? Study enrolled WWH with a history of heavy alcohol use in Miami, Florida, into a clinical trial where participants were randomized to receive naltrexone or placebo to assess effectiveness among WWH.

Using Phosphatidylethanol as an Adjunct to Self-Reported Alcohol Use Improves Identification of Liver Fibrosis Risk.

Introduction: Accurate assessment of alcohol use informs prevention and management of liver disease. We examined whether phosphatidylethanol (PEth, an alcohol metabolite) blood concentrations are associated with liver fibrosis risk independently of self-reported alcohol use, among persons with and without HIV.

Methods: We pooled individual-level data from 12 studies from the United States, Russia, Uganda, and South Africa with PEth, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) measurements.

Reasons for Use and Perceived Effects of Medical Cannabis: A Cross-Sectional Statewide Survey.

Introduction: Medical cannabis (MC) is available upon certification for one of several qualifying conditions in Florida, USA. Previous studies suggested that some people seek cannabis for medical conditions/symptoms beyond those legally permitted. However, data remain limited on patient motives for seeking MC and their experiences around its impact on their health.

Concept Analysis of Psychosocial Distress Among African American and Latine Men Who Have Sex With Men: Implications for HIV Care.

Aim: The aim of this study is to provide conceptual clarity on psychosocial distress among African American and Latine men who have sex with men living with human immunodeficiency virus.

Design: Concept analysis.

Methods: The 8-step Walker and Avant framework guided the concept analysis of psychosocial distress tailored to this patient population.

Trajectories of Adherence to Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Risks of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectiveness is highly dependent on medication adherence, which is associated with differential HIV risks and possibly sexually transmitted infection (STI).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study of PrEP users (01/01/2012-12/31/2021) used the MarketScan database of commercially insured enrollees to examine PrEP adherence trajectory groups' associations with HIV and STI acquisition risks. Distinct PrEP adherence trajectories were identified by group-based trajectory modeling among individuals who used oral PrEP.

HIV Stigma is Associated with Two-Year Decline in Cognitive Performance Among People with HIV.

HIV stigma is associated with suboptimal clinical outcomes and has been cross-sectionally linked to cognitive deficits in people with HIV (PWH). However, it is unclear whether HIV stigma precedes cognitive decline or vice versa. We examined associations in 303 adult PWH (mean age 50.

Legalization of Smokable Medical Cannabis and Changes in the Dispensed Amount of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol Per Patient.

Florida's medical cannabis (marijuana) program is among the largest in the United States. Smokable cannabis forms were not legally available in this program until 2019, and five years after other forms of cannabis were available. This study assessed changes in Δ-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) dispensed per patient following legalization of smokable cannabis in Florida.

Reasons for not seeking alcohol treatment among a sample of Florida adults with HIV who perceived the need for treatment.

Background: A minority of people who need alcohol treatment receive it. Unhealthy alcohol use is common among people with HIV (PWH) and can lead to negative health outcomes. The aims of this multi-methods study are to (1) quantitatively describe the prevalence, psychosocial characteristics, and demographic traits of a sample of PWH currently receiving HIV care in Florida who had a self-reported need for alcohol treatment but did not seek care and (2) qualitatively explore reasons why PWH did not seek treatment.

Predicting adjuvant radiation therapy benefit in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with the 40-gene expression profile.

To independently confirm that the 40-gene expression profile (40-GEP) test can identify patients with high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma who are more or less likely to benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy (ART). Primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tumors from two academic centers received retrospective 40-GEP testing and were analyzed for 5-year metastasis-free survival and projected time to event. Random sampling of matched patient pairs ( = 52 ART-treated; 371 no ART) showed a median 50% decrease in 5-year progression rate for ART-treated patients (vs no ART) with 40-GEP Class 2B.

Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic: the unequal burden of COVID-19 on vulnerable populations in the Brazilian Central-West.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify social factors and preventive strategies associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in socio and economically vulnerable people (recyclable waste pikers, immigrants/refugees, and homeless people) in Goiânia, Goiás State, Central-Western Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to October 2020. COVID-19 positivity was defined as a positive total anti-SARS-COV-2 antibody test and/or RNA test for SARS-COV-2.

Who wants long-Acting injectable antiretroviral therapy? Treatment preferences among adults with HIV in Florida.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral therapy (ART) is available to people with HIV (PWH), but it is unknown which PWH prefer this option. Using the Andersen Behavioral Model this study identifies characteristics of PWH with greater preference for LAI ART. Cross-sectional data from the Florida Cohort, which enrolled adult PWH from community-based clinics included information on predisposing (demographics), enabling (transportation, income), and need (ART adherence <90%) factors.

Cannabis Use and Inhalational Anesthesia Administration in Older Adults: A Propensity-matched Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Cannabis use is associated with higher intravenous anesthetic administration. Similar data regarding inhalational anesthetics are limited. With rising cannabis use prevalence, understanding any potential relationship with inhalational anesthetic dosing is crucial.

Cannabis use and acute postoperative pain outcomes in older adults: a propensity matched retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Cannabis use is increasing among older adults, but its impact on postoperative pain outcomes remains unclear in this population. We examined the association between cannabis use and postoperative pain levels and opioid doses within 24 hours of surgery.

Methods: We conducted a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study using electronic health records data of 22 476 older surgical patients with at least 24-hour hospital stays at University of Florida Health between 2018 and 2020.

Association between cannabis use disorder and greater apathy in adults with HIV.

Background: Apathy is prevalent among people with HIV (PWH) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Cannabis use and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) are also disproportionately prevalent among PWH. CUD and younger onset of cannabis use may be linked to apathy in the general population; however, patterns of use most strongly associated with apathy have not been firmly established, and it is unclear whether cannabis use is linked to apathy in PWH.

Cocaine/crack and cannabis use among transgender women in Goiás, Central Brazil.

Introduction: Illicit drug use is a significant public health problem. Studies have shown a high prevalence of cocaine and cannabis use in transgender women (TGW).

Objective: To describe the consumption patterns of cannabis and cocaine/crack use and variables associated with their use in TGW in Central Brazil.

Perspectives Among Health Care Providers and People with HIV on the Implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine for Antiretroviral Therapy in Florida.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) for antiretroviral therapy (ART) could benefit many people with HIV (PWH). However, its impact will largely be determined by providers' willingness to prescribe it and PWH's willingness to take it. This study explores the perceived barriers and facilitators of LAI CAB/RPV implementation among PWH and HIV care providers in Florida, a high prevalence setting.

Impact of equivalence class training on same/different learning by pigeons.

Separating and isolating the contributions of perception to concept formation in animals has been a long-standing and persistent challenge. Here we describe a novel approach to assessing this question by using equivalence training consisting of unrelated images as the basis for subsequent same/different (S/D) learning. Following equivalence class training, two groups of pigeons attempted to learn a go/no-go discrimination task constructed from these classes.

Experimentally Induced Reductions in Alcohol Consumption and Brain, Cognitive, and Clinical Outcomes in Older Persons With and Those Without HIV Infection (30-Day Challenge Study): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Both alcohol consumption and HIV infection are associated with worse brain, cognitive, and clinical outcomes in older adults. However, the extent to which brain and cognitive dysfunction is reversible with reduction or cessation of drinking is unknown.

Objective: The 30-Day Challenge study was designed to determine whether reduction or cessation of drinking would be associated with improvements in cognition, reduction of systemic and brain inflammation, and improvement in HIV-related outcomes in adults with heavy drinking.

Comorbidity Burden and Health Care Utilization by Substance use Disorder Patterns among People with HIV in Florida.

Substance use disorder (SUD), a common comorbidity among people with HIV (PWH), adversely affects HIV clinical outcomes and HIV-related comorbidities. However, less is known about the incidence of different chronic conditions, changes in overall comorbidity burden, and health care utilization by SUD status and patterns among PWH in Florida, an area disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. We used electronic health records (EHR) from a large southeastern US consortium, the OneFlorida + clinical research data network.

Intersectional Stigma, Fear of Negative Evaluation, Depression, and ART Adherence Among Women Living with HIV Who Engage in Substance Use: A Latent Class Serial Mediation Analysis.

Women Living with HIV (WLHIV) who use substances face stigma related to HIV and substance use (SU). The relationship between the intersection of these stigmas and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as the underlying mechanisms, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the association between intersectional HIV and SU stigma and ART adherence, while also exploring the potential role of depression and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) by other people in explaining this association.