Time to weigh in on obesity and associated comorbidities in combat-wounded amputees.

Background: The Joint Trauma System database estimates that about 1,200 individuals have sustained a combat-related amputation during the Global War on Terror. Previous retrospective studies have demonstrated that combat-related amputees develop obesity and cardiovascular disease, but the incidence of obesity and associated comorbidities in this population is unknown. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of obesity in the military amputee population and to compare this with the general population.

Ureteral injuries in colorectal surgery and the impact of laparoscopic and robotic-assisted approaches.

Background: Ureteral injury is a feared complication in colorectal surgery that has been increasing over the past decade. Some have attributed this to an increased adoption of minimally invasive surgery (MIS), but the literature is hardly conclusive. In this study we aim to further assess the overall trend of ureteral injuries in colorectal surgery, and investigate propensity adjusted contributions from open and MIS to include robotic-assisted surgery.

Abdominal actinomycosis mimicking acute appendicitis.

A 52-year-old Hispanic woman presented to the emergency department, reporting worsening sharp lower right quadrant abdominal pain for 3 days. CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed evidence of inflammation in the peritoneal soft tissues adjacent to an enlarged and thick-walled appendix, an appendicolith, no abscess formation and a slightly thickened caecum consistent with acute appendicitis. During laparoscopic appendectomy, the caecum was noted to be firm, raising suspicion of malignancy.

Retention of CAD/CAM all-ceramic crowns on prefabricated implant abutments: an in vitro comparative study of luting agents and abutment surface area.

Purpose: Previous studies considering retention of cast metal restorations to implant abutments incorporated some degree of frictional fit due to internal surface nodules and roughness of the restoration. In comparison, CAD/CAM restorations have minimal surface irregularities, possibly impacting retention. There is insufficient knowledge of retentive force of CAD/CAM restorations to titanium abutments, and therefore the topic warrants further investigation.

Evaluation of the microbial flora found in woodwind and brass instruments and their potential to transmit diseases.

Previous studies of dental devices (toothbrushes, dentures, and protective athletic mouthguards) have demonstrated microbial contamination of these devices and possible transmission of infectious diseases to the users. Since woodwind and brass instruments come into intimate contact with the musician's oral cavity and often are passed from student to student without sanitization, the question arises as to whether these instruments are contaminated and can transmit microbial diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine if woodwind and brass instruments and/or their cases harbor opportunistic, pathogenic, or allergenic microorganisms that can be transmitted to the musician.

Evaluation of cleansing methods for previously worn prostheses.

Statement Of Problem: Although there are many product claims that address the issue of denture sanitization, controlled scientific studies on previously worn dentures have not been performed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate procedures directed at sanitizing previously worn contaminated dentures from two regions of the United States.

Materials And Methods: This study examined 51 previously worn dentures from two regions.

Microbiota found in protective athletic mouthguards.

Background: Protective athletic mouthguards (PAM) produce oral mucosal injuries and may be associated with other systemic conditions.

Hypothesis: With wear, PAM become contaminated by a range of microorganisms. The number of microorganisms in PAM can be reduced by daily use of an antimicrobial solution.

Status of bacterial colonization, Toll-like receptor expression and nuclear factor-kappa B activation in normal and diseased human livers.

Epidemiological data on bacterial translocation (BT), colonization and inflammation in normal human livers is lacking. In this study we investigated the status of bacterial colonization and inflammation in the normal, cirrhotic primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) human liver tissues. Comparatively normal livers showed increased bacterial colonization than PBC and NASH.

Triclosan-induced modification of unsaturated fatty acid metabolism and growth in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1.

Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent having low toxicity which facilitates its incorporation into numerous personal and health care products. Although triclosan acts against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by affecting fatty acid biosynthesis, it is ineffective against the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Wild-type strain P.

Evaluation of microbial flora found in previously worn prostheses from the Northeast and Southwest regions of the United States.

Statement Of Problem: Denture-induced stomatitis is a recognized clinical challenge. The responsible microorganisms have not been delineated and may differ among regions of the United States.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the microorganisms found in dentures from 2 geographic regions.

Protective athletic mouthguards: do they cause harm?

Background: Protective athletic mouthguards (PAMs) have been worn in competitive sports for more than 100 years. Today, participants in contact and noncontact sports wear PAMs.

Hypothesis: Wearing a PAM produces oral injury.

Predictable aesthetic replacement of a metal-ceramic crown using CAD/CAM technology: a case report.

The currently available CAD/CAM technologies present clinicians with various clinical benefits that include durability, marginal adaptation, and precision aesthetics. The clinical and laboratory procedures associated with these CAD/CAM systems differ from one another, and practitioners must understand the indications for each. Office-based systems, as demonstrated in the following case presentation, allow excellent results to be achieved in a single patient visit and provide a viable alternative for today's practice.

Possible disease transmission by contaminated mouthguards in two young football players.

Previous studies have demonstrated that athletic mouthguards worn by ice hockey and football players harbor large numbers of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, some of which are either opportunistic or frank pathogens. This article details the clinical history of two junior high school football players. The first player had cellulitis of the leg after a non-break injury.

Effect of outer membrane permeabilisation on intrinsic resistance to low triclosan levels in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the possibility that outer cell envelope impermeability might be involved in the intrinsic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to low levels of the hydrophobic biocide triclosan. Macrobroth dilution and batch cultural turbidimetric assays were employed to assess the ability of compounds that render the Gram-negative outer membrane permeable to non-polar molecules to sensitise cell envelope variants to triclosan. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains possessing highly refractory (PAO1) and atypically permeable (Z61) outer cell envelopes as well as a PAO1 derivative lacking four multidrug efflux pumps (YM64) were examined.

Evaluation of the sanitization effectiveness of a denture-cleaning product on dentures contaminated with known microbial flora. An in vitro study.

Objectives: To see if dentures contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, and herpes simplex virus 1 could be effectively decontaminated by using Medical Tabs for Dentures.

Method And Materials: Ten methylmethacrylate dentures with processed soft liners (soft-liner dentures) and 10 methylmethacrylate dentures without processed soft liners (hard dentures) were aseptically fragmented and individually incubated with a target microorganism. Test denture fragments were immersed in Medical for 5 minutes, vortexed for 5 minutes, and serially diluted onto media.

A statistical comparison of denture sanitation using a commercially available denture cleaner with and without microwaving.

Polymethyl-methacrylate dentures, worn by patients for periods ranging from 12 days to 48 years, were cultured and found to be heavily contaminated with a variety of microorganisms both externally and internally. A commercially available denture sanitizer, used as prescribed by the manufacturer, was ineffective at decontaminating the dentures. This study examined the effectiveness of this denture sanitizer when used in combination with a microwaving procedure.