Phospholipid Transport Across the Bacterial Periplasm Through the Envelope-spanning Bridge YhdP.

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria provides a formidable barrier, essential for both pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. Biogenesis of this complex structure necessitates the transport of phospholipids across the cell envelope. Recently, YhdP was implicated as a major protagonist in the trafficking of inner membrane phospholipids to the outer membrane; however the molecular mechanism of YhdP mediated transport remains elusive.

Home ranges and movements of an arboreal folivore after wildfire: comparing rehabilitated and non-rehabilitated animals in burnt and unburnt woodlands.

Background: Wildfires can have complex effects on wildlife populations. Understanding how post-fire conditions affect the movement ecology of threatened species can assist in better conservation and management, including informing the release of rescued and rehabilitated animals. The 2019-2020 megafires in Australia resulted in thousands of animals coming into care due to injury or concerns over habitat degradation.

Prophylactic Local Antibiotics for Tissue Expansion (PLATE) Improve Breast Reconstruction Outcomes.

Introduction: Infection following tissue expander (TE) breast reconstruction is frequent and impactful. Preliminary reports demonstrate value of local antibiotic delivery for implant salvage and prophylactic potential. Herein is a multi-institutional retrospective study employing surgeon-crafted tobramycin-vancomycin PMMA plates (PLATE) during TE implantation for infection prophylaxis.

The Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of BRAF K601E Mutations in Thyroid Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Activating mutations in the BRAF oncogene occur in 45% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Though less studied, K601E may identify a clinically distinct subset of thyroid neoplasms.

Methods: A bioinformatics assessment was conducted using the COSMIC database and in silico data analysis.

Development, External Validation, and Biomolecular Corroboration of Interoperable Models for Identifying Critically Ill Children at Risk of Neurologic Morbidity.

Importance: Declining mortality in the field of pediatric critical care medicine has shifted practicing clinicians' attention to preserving patients' neurodevelopmental potential as a main objective. Earlier identification of critically ill children at risk for incurring neurologic morbidity would facilitate heightened surveillance that could lead to timelier clinical detection, earlier interventions, and preserved neurodevelopmental trajectory.

Objective: Develop machine-learning models for identifying acquired neurologic morbidity while hospitalized with critical illness and assess correlation with contemporary serum-based, brain injury-derived biomarkers.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Synthetic Mesh Outcomes in Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction.

Background: Mesh implants are frequently employed in alloplastic breast reconstruction. Notably, no mesh to date has FDA approval for this indication. Several synthetic meshes have been introduced with heterogeneous properties and outcomes.

"Academic Influence and Industry Funding in Nerve Allograft Research: A Co-Authorship Network Analysis".

Background: Clinical use of acellular nerve allografts is rapidly increasing despite limited high-quality, comparative evidence of superiority. Simultaneously, non-research payments to clinicians by the nerve allograft industry exceeds $14,000,000 over the last decade. In this study, the authors hypothesized that nerve allograft-related academic influence would correlate with industry funding.

Resistance to high-fat diet-induced weight gain in transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type α-synuclein: A model for metabolic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Unintentional weight loss, primarily due to the loss of fat mass rather than muscle mass, is common among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and is associated with poor quality of life and accelerated disease progression. Since transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type α-synuclein (α-Syn mice) are modestly leaner than control mice, and since diabetes, a metabolic disorder, is a major risk factor for PD, we reasoned that high-fat diet-induced diabetes/metabolic dysregulation in α-Syn mice may serve as a robust tool for exploring how early α-synuclein pathology contributes to metabolic dysregulation, leading to weight loss in PD. Thus, α-Syn and age-matched controls were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) chow (60% fat calories) for four months.

Evaluation of anti-vector immune responses to adenovirus-mediated lung gene therapy and modulation by αCD20.

Although the last decade has seen tremendous progress in drugs that treat cystic fibrosis (CF) due to mutations that lead to protein misfolding, there are approximately 8%-10% of subjects with mutations that result in no significant CFTR protein expression demonstrating the need for gene editing or gene replacement with inhaled mRNA or vector-based approaches. A limitation for vector-based approaches is the formation of neutralizing humoral responses. Given that αCD20 has been used to manage post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in CF subjects with lung transplants, we studied the ability of αCD20 to module both T and B cell responses in the lung to one of the most immunogenic vectors, E1-deleted adenovirus serotype 5.

N-nitrosamine impurity risk assessment in pharmaceuticals: Utilizing In vivo mutation relative potency comparison to establish an acceptable intake for NTTP.

The finding of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in marketed drugs has led to implementation of risk assessment processes intended to limit exposures to the entire class of N-nitrosamines. A critical component of the risk assessment process is establishing exposure limits that are protective of human health. One approach to establishing exposure limits for novel N-nitrosamines is to conduct an in vivo transgenic rodent (TGR) mutation study.

Prompt engineering on leveraging large language models in generating response to InBasket messages.

Objectives: Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proposed as a solution to address high volumes of Patient Medical Advice Requests (PMARs). This study addresses whether LLMs can generate high quality draft responses to PMARs that satisfies both patients and clinicians with prompt engineering.

Materials And Methods: We designed a novel human-involved iterative processes to train and validate prompts to LLM in creating appropriate responses to PMARs.

A randomized, embedded, pragmatic, Bayesian clinical trial examining clinical decision support for high flow nasal cannula management in children with bronchiolitis: design and statistical analysis plan.

Background: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been increasingly adopted in the past 2 decades as a mode of respiratory support for children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. The growing use of HFNC despite a paucity of high-quality data regarding the therapy's efficacy has led to concerns about overutilization. We developed an electronic health record (EHR) embedded, quality improvement (QI) oriented clinical trial to determine whether standardized management of HFNC weaning guided by clinical decision support (CDS) results in a reduction in the duration of HFNC compared to usual care for children with bronchiolitis.

Microbiome-derived bacterial lipids regulate gene expression of proinflammatory pathway inhibitors in systemic monocytes.

How the microbiome regulates responses of systemic innate immune cells is unclear. In the present study, our purpose was to document a novel mechanism by which the microbiome mediates crosstalk with the systemic innate immune system. We have identified a family of microbiome -derived lipopeptides-the serine-glycine (S/G) lipids, which are TLR2 ligands, access the systemic circulation, and regulate proinflammatory responses of splenic monocytes.

A systematic review of morphine equivalent conversions in plastic surgery: Current methods and future directions.

Introduction: Protocols surrounding opioid reduction have become commonplace in plastic surgery to improve peri-operative outcomes. Within such protocols, opioid requirement is a frequently analyzed outcome. Though often examined, there is no literature standard conversion for morphine milligram equivalents (MME) at present, leading to questionable external validity.

Testing for effects of growth rate on isotope trophic discrimination factors and evaluating the performance of Bayesian stable isotope mixing models experimentally: A moment of truth?

Discerning assimilated diets of wild animals using stable isotopes is well established where potential dietary items in food webs are isotopically distinct. With the advent of mixing models, and Bayesian extensions of such models (Bayesian Stable Isotope Mixing Models, BSIMMs), statistical techniques available for these efforts have been rapidly increasing. The accuracy with which BSIMMs quantify diet, however, depends on several factors including uncertainty in tissue discrimination factors (TDFs; Δ) and identification of appropriate error structures.

Utility of a Neuromuscular Activation Exercise Protocol on Surgeon Posture.

Background: Surgeons are at risk for musculoskeletal disorders from ergonomic strain in the operating room. These deficits may stem from neuromuscular control deficits. Neuromuscular activation exercises (NMEs) may strengthen the brain-muscle connection.

Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of waterfowl productivity are synchronous across species, space, and time.

Knowledge of interspecific and spatiotemporal variation in demography-environment relationships is key for understanding the population dynamics of sympatric species and developing multispecies conservation strategies. We used hierarchical random-effects models to examine interspecific and spatial variation in annual productivity in six migratory ducks (i.e.

Titratable residues that drive RND efflux: Insights from molecular simulations.

The resistance-nodulation-division efflux machinery confers antimicrobial resistance to Gram-negative bacteria by actively pumping antibiotics out of the cell. The protein complex is powered by proton motive force; however, the proton transfer mechanism itself and indeed even its stoichiometry is still unclear. Here we review computational studies from the last decade that focus on elucidating the number of protons transferred per conformational cycle of the pump.

We Are Not Speaking the Same Language: Current Procedural Terminology Coding and Provision of Care in Lymphatic Reconstruction.

Introduction: Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes provide a uniform language for medical billing, but specific codes have not been assigned for lymphatic reconstruction techniques. The authors hypothesized that inadequate codes would contribute to heterogeneous coding practices and reimbursement challenges, ultimately limiting surgeons' ability to treat patients.

Methods: A 22-item virtual questionnaire was offered to 959 members of the American Society of Reconstructive Microsurgeons to assess the volume of lymphatic reconstruction procedures performed, CPT codes used for each procedure, and challenges related to coding and providing care.

Long-term benefits of hematopoietic stem cell-based macrophage/microglia delivery of GDNF to the CNS in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) protects dopaminergic neurons in various models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cell-based GDNF gene delivery mitigates neurodegeneration and improves both motor and non-motor functions in PD mice. As PD is a chronic condition, this study aims to investigate the long-lasting benefits of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-based macrophage/microglia-mediated CNS GDNF (MMC-GDNF) delivery in an MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) mouse model.

An Interdisciplinary, Comprehensive Recovery Pathway Improves Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction Delivery.

Introduction: Free-flap (autologous) breast reconstruction demonstrates superiority over alloplastic approaches but is offered infrequently. Enhanced recovery protocols can address postoperative challenges, but most literature is limited to inpatient interventions and outcomes. This study describes an adoptable, longitudinally comprehensive and multidisciplinary recovery pathway for autologous reconstruction which adds to the current guidelines.