Apalutamide in Metastatic Castration-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Results from the Multicenter Real-world ARON-3 Study.

Background And Objective: Apalutamide (APA) is a treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). In the ARON-3 study we investigated real-world experiences with APA treatment for mCSPC.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed real-world clinical outcomes for patients with mCSPC treated with APA in the ARON-3 study.

Using the AR-V7 biomarker to determine treatment in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer, a feasibility randomised control trial, conclusions from the VARIANT trial.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the UK. Castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can be difficult to manage with response to next generation hormonal treatment variable. AR-V7 is a protein biomarker that can be used to predict response to treatment and potentially better inform management in these patients.

Anticipatory foresight and adaptive decision-making as a crucial characteristic for business continuity, crisis and emergency leadership.

This paper reviews some of the common challenges to high-quality decision-making at the leadership level, such as limiting decision shortcuts, analytical blind spots, failure to consider multiple perspectives or options, and reluctance to adjust decisions that are not working well. The paper also reviews some of the pertinent literature and scholarship on decision-making approaches to build a summative decision-making model of anticipatory foresight and adaptation to overcome dysfunctional decision-making mistakes. The paper proposes a new framework that focuses on the internal decision-making processes that leaders should adopt - an approach to decision-making that combines the concepts of anticipatory foresight, predictive vision, creative imagination, adaptive skill sets and adaptive flexibility.

Improving power in PSA response analyses of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer trials.

Background: To determine how much an augmented analysis approach could improve the efficiency of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response analyses in clinical practice. PSA response rates are commonly used outcome measures in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) trial reports. PSA response is evaluated by comparing continuous PSA data (e.

Gracilis Flap Reconstruction After Proctocolectomy for Malignancy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Gracilis flap reconstruction (GFR) following abdominoperineal resection (APR) or proctocolectomy (PC) can reduce pelvic wound complications but has not been adequately assessed in the setting of immunosuppression, fistulous disease, and neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Methods: Patients undergoing APR/PC with GFR were retrospectively analyzed with regard to perioperative characteristics, and morbidity was assessed.

Results: Patients underwent GFR for rectal cancer ( = 28), anal cancer ( = 3), inflammatory bowel disease ( = 13), or benign fistulizing disease ( = 1).

Differentiated thyroid cancer mortality by disease stage in northern England.

Objective: Mortality from thyroid cancer is reported to be higher in the UK compared with several other European countries, though UK data on mortality by disease stage have not been published. The aim of this study was to ascertain disease-specific mortality by stage in our centre.

Design, Patients And Measurements: This was a cohort study of all patients presenting to a single centre.

Olaparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with DNA repair gene aberrations (TOPARP-B): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.

Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is enriched in DNA damage response (DDR) gene aberrations. The TOPARP-B trial aims to prospectively validate the association between DDR gene aberrations and response to olaparib in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Methods: In this open-label, investigator-initiated, randomised phase 2 trial following a selection (or pick-the-winner) design, we recruited participants from 17 UK hospitals.

Compliance in autism: Self-report in action.

Previous research indicates that autistic individuals are more likely to be bullied, and that they experience heightened anxiety and diminished self-esteem. These factors are known to predict heightened compliance, which is the tendency to agree with or carry out the requests and demands of others. This has a range of potentially serious consequences, particularly for an autistic person.

Relevance of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in prostate cancer.

Purpose Of Review: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are approved drugs for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer and currently under investigation for the treatment of prostate cancer and other malignancies with aberrations in homologous recombination DNA repair.This review summarizes literature published during 2017 concerning the relevance of PARPi in prostate cancer and presents new evidence on mechanisms of resistance and biomarkers of response.

Recent Findings: The approval of several PARPi (olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib) has driven the focus of anticancer treatment on synthetic lethality in prostate cancer too.

Onlay with Adhesive Use Compared with Sublay Mesh Placement in Ventral Hernia Repair: Was Chevrel Right? An Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative Analysis.

Background: The use of mesh during ventral hernia repair (VHR) is a well-accepted concept. However, the ideal location of mesh placement remains strongly debated. Although VHR with onlay mesh placement has historically been associated with a high rate of wound events, this surgical approach is technically less challenging than VHR with sublay mesh placement.

Tissue Expander versus Tissue Expander and Latissimus Flap in Morbidly Obese Breast Reconstruction Patients.

Background: Immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction in morbidly obese patients represents a challenge because neither prosthetic nor abdominal-based options may be suitable.

Methods: This study compared a previously published cohort of immediate prosthetic reconstruction of 346 patients (511 breasts) of whom 49 patients (67 breasts) were morbidly obese (defined as a body mass index > 35) with a morbidly obese patient population whose breasts were reconstructed immediately following postmastectomy with latissimus flap and tissue expander (21 patients and 22 breasts) in the same time period. The preoperative risk factors of mastectomy such as tobacco use, diabetes, and prior radiation and the postoperative complications of mastectomy such as skin necrosis, seroma, and prosthesis loss were examined.

Human acellular dermis versus no acellular dermis in tissue expansion breast reconstruction.

Background: Human acellular dermis has been adopted for routine use in tissue expander reconstruction. The purported benefits include higher intraoperative fill volume, facilitation of lower pole expansion, and enhanced definition of the lower pole of the breast. Recently, concerns have arisen about an increase in postoperative complications with its use.

Advertising Phuket's nightlife on the Internet: a case study of double binds and hegemonic masculinity in sex tourism.

One significant human rights violation in Southeast Asia is the exploitation of women through sex tourism. Such sexual exploitation occurs in Thailand because institutions are complacent and society accepts the practice. This case study, guided by the concepts of double binds and hegemonic masculinity, sought to understand if Thai culture is symbolically constructed in ways to portray Thailand as a desirable "sex tourist" destination.

Endothelial surface N-glycans mediate monocyte adhesion and are targets for anti-inflammatory effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ligands.

Endothelial-monocyte interactions are regulated by adhesion molecules and key in the development of vascular inflammatory disease. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ activation in endothelial cells is recognized to mediate anti-inflammatory effects that inhibit monocyte rolling and adhesion. Herein, evidence is provided for a novel mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of PPARγ ligand action that involves inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine-dependent up-regulation of endothelial N-glycans.

Imaging in bariatric surgery: a guide to postsurgical anatomy and common complications.

Objective: This article reviews the various bariatric surgical techniques and the associated imaging findings of normal postoperative anatomy and of common complications.

Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is increasingly performed to control morbid obesity secondary to failed medical approaches. As a result, imaging plays an important role in postoperative evaluation and management.

Anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavones are dependent on flow and human endothelial cell PPARgamma.

The mechanisms by which isoflavones protect against inflammatory vascular disease remain unclear. Our previous observations suggest that one mechanism involves inhibition of monocyte-endothelial cell interactions in a process that is absolutely dependent on flow. The molecular mechanisms involved and the effects of structurally distinct isoflavones on this process are not known and are investigated herein.

Osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenic protein-7) combined with various adjuncts in the treatment of humeral diaphyseal nonunions.

A prospective study was conducted to determine the efficacy of using recombinant BMP-7 (rhOP-1) as an adjuvant in the treatment of diaphyseal humeral nonunions. Twenty-three consecutive patients with atrophic humeral diaphyseal nonunions were treated at seven separate institutions. All nonunions were fixed with either a compression plate or an intramedullary nail in conjunction with various bone grafting techniques.

Revealing anti-inflammatory mechanisms of soy isoflavones by flow: modulation of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions.

The antiatherogenic effects of soy isoflavone consumption have been demonstrated in a variety of studies. However, the mechanisms involved remain poorly defined. Adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells is a key step within the inflammatory cascade that leads to atherogenesis.

Imaging of acute appendicitis: US as the primary imaging modality.

Background: The investigation of the acute abdomen in infants and children has evolved during the last two decades, placing imagers at the forefront of the evaluation and diagnosis of acute right lower quadrant abdominal problems. US and CT have recently been shown to be equally accurate in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but not everyone agrees.

Objective: To demonstrate the efficacy of triaging patients with acute abdominal problems that suggest appendicitis with US as the primary imaging modality.

Persistence of the olecranon physis in baseball players: Results following operative management.

The purpose of this study is to report the results of operative management for pain associated with persistence of the olecranon physis in baseball players. Five maturing adolescent baseball players (4 male and 1 female) with pain associated with persistence of the olecranon physis underwent operative stabilization and autogenous bone grafting with second-stage hardware removal. All 5 patients remained symptomatic after a variable length of conservative management.

The axonal localization of large Drosophila ankyrin2 protein isoforms is essential for neuronal functionality.

In polarized cells, such as neurons, ankyrin-type proteins are the major molecules that link the actin-spectrin-based membrane cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. In Drosophila the second ankyrin gene, Dank2, is exclusively expressed in neuronal cells. Similar to ankyrin genes in other organisms, the Dank2 gene generates several ankyrin protein isoforms by differential splicing.