Practical Review on the Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Compartment Syndrome.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a limb-threatening pathology that necessitates early detection and management. The diagnosis of ACS is often made by physical examination alone; however, supplemental methods such as compartment pressure measurement, infrared spectroscopy, and ultrasound can provide additional information that support decision-making. This practical review aims to incorporate and summarize recent studies to provide evidence-based approaches to compartment syndrome for both resource-rich and -poor settings among several patient populations.

Feasibility of intra-operative image guidance in burn excision surgery with multispectral imaging and deep learning.

Background: Exposing a healthy wound bed for skin grafting is an important step during burn surgery to ensure graft take and maintain good functional outcomes. Currently, the removal of non-viable tissue in the burn wound bed during excision is determined by expert clinician judgment. Using a porcine model of tangential burn excision, we investigated the effectiveness of an intraoperative multispectral imaging device combined with artificial intelligence to aid clinician judgment for the excision of non-viable tissue.

Safety of Mandibular Osteotomies in Infants with Pierre Robin Sequence: Computer-Aided Modeling to Characterize the Risks of Various Techniques.

Background: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is effective for the correction of severe tongue-based airway obstruction in infants with Pierre Robin sequence. Involved osteotomies may damage developing tooth buds and/or the inferior alveolar nerve. The authors evaluated the theoretical safety of various osteotomy techniques to better define infantile mandibular anatomy using computer-aided modeling.

A1 Pulley Tenderness as a Modification to Tenderness along the Flexor Sheath in Diagnosing Pyogenic Flexor Tenosynovitis.

Background: Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (PFT) is frequently diagnosed by physical examination according to the Kanavel signs. This study proposes a modification of the Kanavel sign "tenderness over the course of the flexor sheath" by including palpation of the A1 pulley to increase specificity for diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed over 8 months for patients in the emergency department who received a consult to hand surgery to rule out PFT.

Breast Reconstruction Completion in the Obese: Does Reconstruction Technique Make a Difference in Its Achievement?

Background:  Breast mound and nipple creation are the goals of the reconstructive process. Unlike in normal body mass index (BMI) women, breast reconstruction in the obese is associated with increased risk of perioperative complications. Our aim was to determine if reconstruction technique and the incidence of perioperative complications affect the achievement of reconstruction completion in the obese female.

Global Health Education for Medical Students: When Learning Objectives Include Research.

Background: The Luke Commission, a provider of comprehensive mobile health outreach in rural Swaziland, focuses on human immunodeficiency virus testing and prevention, including the performance of over 100 circumcisions weekly. Educational objectives for medical student global health electives are essential. Learning research methodology while engaging in clinical activities reinforces curriculum goals.

A Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of 2 Double-Row, Distal Triceps Tendon Repairs.

Background: Triceps tendon ruptures are rare orthopaedic injuries that almost always require surgical repair. This study tests the biomechanical properties of an original anchorless double-row triceps repair against a previously reported knotless double-row repair.

Hypothesis: The anchorless double-row triceps repair technique will yield similar biomechanical properties when compared with the knotless double-row repair technique.