Effects of short-term supervised exercise training on liver fat in adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of a 4-week, supervised, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG, percentage), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and cardiometabolic markers in adolescents with obesity.

Methods: A total of 40 adolescents (age 13-18 y, BMI 36.7 ± 5.

Circulating microRNAs Are Associated With Metabolic Markers in Adolescents With Hepatosteatosis.

Background: Altered hepatic microRNA (miRNA) expression may play a role in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Circulating miRNAs could mirror the liver metabolism.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum miRNA profile in children with obesity, IR, and NAFLD.

Osteomyelitis of the Rib in a Child With Indolent Symptoms.

We describe a case of osteomyelitis of the rib caused by methicillin-susceptible . The patient presented with a subtle, indolent course leading to a suspected 2-year delay in diagnosis. This case highlights that the diagnosis of rib osteomyelitis, which can readily mimic other diagnoses, such as costochondritis, intraabdominal infections, pneumonia, or malignancies warrants a high index of suspicion.

Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 to Adiponectin Ratio: A Potential Biomarker to Monitor Liver Fat in Children With Obesity.

There is a pressing need for effective and non-invasive biomarkers to track intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) in children at-risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as standard-of-care reference tools, liver biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are impractical to monitor the course disease. We aimed to examine the association between serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 to adiponectin ratio (FAR) and IHTG as assessed by MRI in children with obesity. Serum FGF21 and adiponectin levels and IHTG were measured at two time points (baseline, 6 months) in obese children enrolled in a clinical weight loss program.

Making the diagnosis of midgut volvulus: Limited abdominal ultrasound has changed our clinical practice.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of limited abdominal ultrasound (US) examination for midgut volvulus (MGV) and to evaluate how clinical practice has changed in a free-standing children's hospital leading to the near obsolescence of upper GI (UGI) studies for the diagnosis of MGV.

Materials And Methods: All patients with suspected MGV who underwent abdominal US during 2016-2017 were identified using keyword search tools in the radiology information system. Retrospective, blinded image review was performed by a certificate of added qualification (CAQ), board certified pediatric radiologist.

Optimizing image quality for pediatric torso computed tomography: the use of advanced iterative reconstruction and wide-detector scanning techniques.

Objectives: To compare radiation exposure and image quality in children undergoing torso helical acquisition computed tomography (CT) using filtered back projection (FBP) or adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D reconstruction algorithms. A secondary purpose is to compare radiation exposure and image quality in children undergoing torso CT acquired with helical or wide-detector techniques reconstructed with AIDR 3D.

Methods: The study was approved by the institutional review board.

Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia with a 2q13 microdeletion involving the NPHP1 gene: insights into malformations of the mid-hindbrain.

The case of a young man with multiple brain and somatic anomalies that presented diagnostic difficulties, is discussed in this report. A majority of his features were suggestive of Joubert syndrome--although it was felt that he did not fully meet diagnostic criteria. The subsequent evaluations included a magnetic resonance image of the brain, that was found to be consistent with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia.

Development and implementation of a systems-based practice project requirement for radiology residents.

Rationale And Objectives: Radiology residents must now participate in a learning activity that involves identification and analysis of system errors and implementation of potential solutions. Evidence of participation must be documented in the resident's learning portfolio.

Materials And Methods: An activity based on adult learning principles was designed for residents to increase their knowledge of health care systems and problems; gain experience in writing a proposal, conducting an investigation, and reporting results; organize and present information in a supportive environment; and document participation in their portfolio.

Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in neonates and infants suspected of caval or aortic thrombosis.

Background: Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)is a well-established technique in older children and adults. No studies have focused on its use in neonates and small infants.

Objective: Our objective was to study the use of gadolinium-enhanced MRA in neonates and infants suspected of caval or aortic thrombosis.

Imaging of articular disorders in children.

This article reviews aspects of arthritis imaging that are specific to children. The pediatric skeleton is unique and responds in characteristic ways to articular inflammation. Epiphyseal and physeal cartilage are affected by joint diseases, and disturbances of growth and maturation are sometimes the cardinal manifestations of arthritis.