The Fourth Wave of the Opioid Epidemic: Increasing Combination of Fentanyl With Stimulants.

To identify drug prevalence through the analysis of drug material and paraphernalia (DMP) collected from scenes of fentanyl-involved fatal accidental drug overdoses in San Francisco, California, throughout 2022. We conducted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry testing on 409 items of DMP (e.g.

Cannabis Use Patterns and Whole-Blood Cannabinoid Profiles of Emergency Department Patients With Suspected Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome.

Study Objectives: The objectives of this study were to characterize the detailed cannabis use patterns (eg, frequency, mode, and product) and determine the differences in the whole-blood cannabinoid profiles during symptomatic versus asymptomatic periods of participants with suspected cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome recruited from the emergency department (ED) during a symptomatic episode.

Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study of participants with symptomatic cyclic vomiting onset after chronic cannabis use. Standardized assessments were conducted to evaluate for lifetime and recent cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and cannabis withdrawal symptoms.