Radiologic Features of Well-circumscribed Orbital Tumors With Histopathologic Correlation: A Multi-center Study.

Purpose: To delineate specific imaging characteristics of solitary fibrous tumors, schwannomas, cavernous venous malformations, and well-circumscribed orbital lymphoma.

Methods: Patients undergoing excisional biopsy of solitary fibrous tumor, schwannomas, cavernous venous malformations, or well-circumscribed orbital lymphoma with preoperative MRIs available for review were identified at 3 academic centers in the United States and Australia. An exploratory statistical analysis was performed to identify important radiologic features, which were subsequently included in a random forest model.

Orbital Decompression: Conceptual Approach for Orbital Volume Expansion.

Purpose: To review the advances in the surgical techniques of orbital decompression.

Methods: A literature review of orbital decompression surgery and experience-based consideration of bony areas for decompression.

Results: In the 100-year-plus span of orbital decompression literature, multiple incisions and multiple bone and fat removal strategies have been described.

Transorbital Endoscopic Approach to the Pterygopalatine Fossa: A Less Invasive Alternative to Traditional Access.

Purpose: The purpose of this article and accompanying video is to demonstrate a transorbital endoscopic approach for accessing the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF). This technique does not require a skin incision, avoids dissection of critical neurovascular structures, and utilizes a comparatively small osteotomy. The 2 cases presented in this article highlight the utility of a transorbital endoscopic approach for accessing an anatomic region that has traditionally required more invasive techniques to reach.

Teprotumumab and Orbital Decompression for the Management of Proptosis in Patients With Thyroid Eye Disease.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of patients with thyroid eye disease treated with teprotumumab or orbital decompression, or both in sequence.

Methods: Patients with thyroid eye disease and treated with decompression, teprotumumab, or both were included. Four groups were defined: decompression only, teprotumumab only, teprotumumab first with decompression later, and decompression first with teprotumumab later.

Visual Outcomes Following Surgical Debulking in Exophytic Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas.

Purpose: To report a case of a globular primary optic nerve sheath meningioma managed surgically with improvement in vision and review the literature for outcomes of purely intraorbital exophytic-globular primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas managed surgically.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed with the search terms "primary optic nerve sheath meningioma," "surgery," "exophytic," and "globular." Articles were included if they were available in English.

Orbital Involvement in Acute Adult Leukemias: Case Series and Review of Literature.

Orbital involvement in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is well-described in children but is uncommon in adults. This series reports 2 adult patients with orbital leukemic involvement and summarizes the existing literature. A 37-year-old male with recently diagnosed AML underwent induction therapy and subsequently developed a tan-pink colored sub-conjunctival lesion in the left eye.

Banking Autologous Tarsus: A Simple Technique for Maximizing Preservation of Healthy Tissue.

A 28-year-old female with congenital left-sided ptosis presented after 3 prior surgeries elsewhere. Although centrally her margin to reflex distance1 was 3 mm, persistent ptosis was noted laterally. In an effort to improve the symmetry of her eyelid contour, a lateral tarsectomy was performed.

External carotid artery to ophthalmic artery flow associated with internal carotid artery stenosis.

Purpose: One of the most devastating complications of facial filler injection is sudden ischemic blindness. However, its mechanisms and predisposing factors are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of external carotid artery (ECA) to ophthalmic artery (OA) anterograde flow in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and in a control population without carotid disease.

Endoscopic endonasal approach for resection of a recurrent spheno-orbital meningioma resulting in complete resolution of visual symptoms: A case report and review of literature.

Purpose: Spheno-orbital meningiomas are rare tumors, accounting for up to 9% of all intracranial meningiomas. Patients commonly present with proptosis, and visual deficits. These slow growing tumors are hard to resect due to extension into several anatomical compartments, resulting in recurrence rates as high as 35-50%.

Optimizing Management of Asymmetric Ptosis: A Comparison of Three Posterior Approach Resection Algorithms.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of 3 resection algorithms in the management of patients with asymmetric ptosis.

Methods: Patients undergoing bilateral Muller's muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) were identified. Standardized preoperative clinical photographs were examined and margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) was measured using ImageJ.

Hyperostosis associated with orbital vascular malformation.

A previously healthy adult male presented with a slowly enlarging orbital mass associated with 5 mm of non-pulsatile proptosis. On imaging, a soft tissue lesion with avid contrast enhancement and associated bony hyperostosis was noted. The lesion and hyperostotic bone were surgically debulked, and significant arterial bleeding was noted intraoperatively consistent with an arteriovenous malformation.

Orbital Aging: A Computed Tomography-Based Study of 240 Orbits.

Background: Previous studies have attempted to explain age-related changes to the orbit in isolation, often producing conflicting results. The authors used highly accurate imaging software to analyze computed tomographic scans to characterize changes related to age objectively.

Methods: In this case-control study, patients seen in an ear, nose, and throat clinic were screened for study entry.

Extrascleral extension of choroidal melanoma after iodine-125 brachytherapy treatment: a case series.

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study is to report cases of choroidal melanoma that developed extrascleral tumour recurrence after treatment with iodine-125 brachytherapy.

Subjects/methods: In this single-institution retrospective observational case series, all instances of biopsy-confirmed orbital melanoma after known intraocular melanoma were reviewed. Tumour characteristics, clinical course, time to recurrence, cytogenetics of initial tumour and recurrence, and presence of intraocular recurrence were documented.

The Effect of Lighting and Photograph Exposure on Perceived Attractiveness.

Purpose: To assess the effect of various lighting conditions and photograph exposures on perceived attractiveness.

Methods: In the first experiment, 5 variably exposed photographs were taken of 10 subjects using a consistent lighting condition (45° superior box light). In the second experiment, 10 subjects were photographed under variable lighting conditions with consistent exposure: 1) 90° overhead box light, 2) ring light, 3) 45° superior box light, 4) built-in camera flash, 5) 2 straight on box lights, each 45° from midline, and 6) natural light.

Upper Eyelid Contour Changes After Orbital Decompression in Graves Orbitopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of orbital decompression on the upper eyelid contour.

Methods: A paired cross-sectional analysis of the upper eyelid contour was performed for 103 eyes of 66 patients who underwent orbital decompression. A control group of 26 normal subjects was also included.

Recurrence of Distensible Orbital Venous-dominant Venolymphatic Malformations After Sclerotherapy Versus Embolization With Excision.

Purpose: Treatment for orbital venolymphatic malformations (VLMs) commonly includes 3 major options: sclerotherapy, surgery, and embolization followed by surgical excision. Each has certain advantages, although it is not clear whether all are effective. The authors characterize the clinical course for a series of patients with distensible orbital venous-dominant VLM treated with sclerotherapy and/or embolization with excision.

Lid Flare Measurement with Lateral Midpupil Distances.

Purpose: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of lateral midpupil lid distances for the detection of upper lid lateral flare.

Methods: Lateral lid flare was determined by unanimous agreement among six experienced oculoplastic surgeons in the grading of photographs obtained for patients with Graves orbitopathy (GO). Bézier lines were employed to extract the upper eyelid contours of the patients and a control group of age and sex matched subjects.

Generation of Filler Emboli as a Mechanism for Filler-Related Blindness.

Background: Intra-arterial injection of fillers can lead to occlusion of the ophthalmic artery or its branches supplying the retina or the optic nerve. The mechanism through which this occurs is incompletely understood. We investigated the possibility of generating microparticles after injecting commercially available fillers into a flowing system in vitro.

Orbital anatomical parameters affecting outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression.

Purpose: To determine orbital anatomical parameters that affect surgical outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression.

Methods: Twenty orbits of 20 patients with moderate proptosis (maximum 25 mm) due to thyroid eye disease who were stable for at least 6 months were included in this prospective cohort study. Four parameters including lateral orbital wall distance (LOWD), removable surface area (RSA), removable surface length (RSL), and sphenoid door jamb thickness (SDJ) were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan prior to surgery in these patients.

In Vivo Measurement of the Human Vitreous Chamber Volume Using Computed Tomography Imaging of 100 Eyes.

Purpose: To accurately measure the vitreous chamber volume (VCV) in humans using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning techniques combined with three-dimensional analysis software. Potential relationships between age, axial length, and VCVs were also explored.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the eyes of 100 healthy individuals were studied.