Nitrogen fixation may not alleviate stoichiometric imbalances that limit primary production in eutrophic lake ecosystems.

Ecosystem-scale primary production may be proximately limited by nitrogen (N) but ultimately limited by phosphorus (P) because N fixation contributes new N that accumulates relative to P at ecosystem scales. However, the duration needed to transition between proximate N limitation and ultimate P limitation remains unknown for most ecosystems, including lakes. Here we present the results of a fully replicated, multi-annual lake mesocosm experiment that permitted full air-water-sediment interactions that mimicked lake ecosystem ecology.

Blood cortisol and faecal cortisol metabolite concentrations following an ACTH challenge in unanaesthetized brown bears ().

Faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) are increasingly used to index physiological stress in wildlife. Cortisol and other stress hormones act to mobilize glucose, providing energy for the organism to respond to environmental perturbations. Cortisol, the predominant glucocorticoid (GC) in most mammals, is metabolized by the liver and excreted as FCMs.

Breast pericytes: a newly identified driver of tumor cell proliferation.

Introduction: Effective treatment of breast cancer remains a formidable challenge, partly due to our limited understanding of the complex microenvironmental factors that contribute to disease pathology. Among these factors are tissue-resident perivascular cells, which play crucial roles in shaping vascular basement membranes, maintaining vessel integrity, and communicating with adjacent endothelial cells. Despite their essential functions, perivascular cells have been relatively overlooked.

Current and Historical Resource Nitrogen Supply Affects the Eco-Physiological Traits and the Ionome of a Diazotrophic Cyanobacterium.

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria can overcome nitrogen (N)-limitation by fixing atmospheric N; however, this increases their energetic, iron, molybdenum, and boron costs. It is unknown how current and historic N-supplies affect cyanobacterial elemental physiology beyond increasing demands for elements involved in N-fixation. Here, we examined the changes in pigment concentrations, N-storage, and the ionome (i.

Longitudinal changes in electrophysiology and widefield calcium imaging following electrode implantation.

. Intracortical microelectrode arrays often fail to deliver reliable signal quality over chronic recordings, and the effect of an implanted recording array on local neural circuits is not completely understood..

Evaluation of a Pregnancy Options Counseling Curriculum for Pediatric Residents.

Purpose: To evaluate an adolescent-centered pregnancy options counseling curriculum for pediatric residents.

Methods: In 2022, we assessed the curriculum in one residency by randomizing half the residents to a pretraining or posttraining Observed Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE). We scored the OSCE by 15-item rubric and analyzed results by Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests.

Nonuse of Contraception at Conception Due to Partner Objection and Pregnancy-Related Health Care Utilization, Postpartum Health, and Infant Birth Outcomes.

Reproductive coercion has been associated with adverse reproductive health experiences. This study examined the relationship between nonuse of contraception due to partner objection, one aspect of reproductive coercion, and selected pregnancy-related outcomes. We used 2016-2020 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System in 22 jurisdictions to assess the prevalence of nonuse of contraception due to a partner objection by select characteristics among individuals with a recent live birth who reported an unintended pregnancy.

Correction: Angioarchitectural alterations in the retina and choroid in frontotemporal dementia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Epistemic Antecedents: A Meta-Analysis.

Although much attention has been given to vaccine hesitancy, there is still considerable ambiguity regarding its epistemological antecedents. The current meta-analysis addresses this theoretical and practical gap by focusing on the interplay between trust, belief in conspiracy theories, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy ( = 32), as well as key moderators such as the availability of the vaccine and the state and progress of the pandemic. Overall, results indicate that while both trust and beliefs in conspiracy theories are important correlates of vaccine hesitancy, considerable difference emerges when adopting a more granular approach that distinguishes between types of trust (government, public health organizations, science, and healthcare professionals/providers) and conspiracies (specific versus general).

Do blood contamination reduction devices work? A single institution comparison.

We compare two initial specimen diversion devices evaluated over 3 months to investigate their utility in lowering blood culture contamination rates at or below 1%. Overall contamination rates during trial periods were 2.46% and 2.

Clinical Features Associated With Return to Pre-endophthalmitis Visual Acuity Following Presumed Infectious Endophthalmitis.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics associated with return to pre-endophthalmitis visual acuity (VA) following treatment for presumed infectious endophthalmitis.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 74 eyes with endophthalmitis and VA recorded ≤ 12 weeks before presentation and 6 months after presentation between 2009 and 2018.

Results: Thirty-six of 74 eyes (49%) returned to preendophthalmitis VA.

No difference in early outcomes comparing intramedullary versus extramedullary fibular fixation in operative ankle fractures.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative complications and outcomes of minimally invasive intramedullary fixation (IMF) versus plate fixation (PF) in the treatment of distal fibular fractures.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed from identifying all consecutive ankle fracture patients aged ≥18-years-old surgically managed between August 2017 to September 2022 at a tertiary care center with minimum 6 months clinical follow-up. Patients were grouped into those receiving intramedullary versus extramedullary fibular fixation.

Longitudinal Assessment of Peripapillary Microvasculature Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cognitively Normal Adults.

To evaluate longitudinal peripapillary changes in cognitively normal older adults using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Participants older than 50 years with no history of neurodegenerative disease or cognitive impairment were prospectively enrolled. OCT and OCTA images were obtained at the first visit and 2 years later.

Monte Carlo simulation of spatial frequency domain imaging for breast tumors during compression.

Significance: Near-infrared optical imaging methods have shown promise for monitoring response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer, with endogenous contrast coming from oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin. Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) could be used to detect this contrast in a low-cost and portable format, but it has limited imaging depth. It is possible that local tissue compression could be used to reduce the effective tumor depth.

Health professional retention in underserved areas: findings from the National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program participants in the United States, 2019-2021.

Health care provider retention is important for mitigating workforce shortages in underserved areas. The National Health Service Corps (NHSC) provides loan repayment for a two or three-year service commitment from clinicians to work in underserved areas. Prior studies have mixed findings as to what influences clinician retention and have focused mainly on individual-level background characteristics.

Spermidine is essential for fasting-mediated autophagy and longevity.

Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting prolong the lifespan and healthspan of model organisms and improve human health. The natural polyamine spermidine has been similarly linked to autophagy enhancement, geroprotection and reduced incidence of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases across species borders. Here, we asked whether the cellular and physiological consequences of caloric restriction and fasting depend on polyamine metabolism.

Presenting Characteristics, Treatment, and Visual Outcomes in Streptococcal Compared to Non-Streptococcal Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: Report the clinical findings, risk factors, treatment, and visual outcomes associated with  endophthalmitis in comparison to culture-positive endophthalmitis associated with non- species.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of adults between 18 and 89 years of age diagnosed with exogenous culture-positive endophthalmitis between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2018, at the Duke Eye Center (Durham, North Carolina) with at least six months of follow-up from time of initial diagnosis was conducted. Clinical data including patient demographics, ocular history, baseline corrected visual acuity (VA) prior to presentation, time to presentation, presenting exam findings, VA at presentation, presumed etiology of endophthalmitis, medical and surgical management, and VA at the six-month follow-up was extracted and statistically analyzed.

Comparing the effect of two systems-level interventions on perinatal generalized anxiety disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Background: The Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for Moms and PRogram In Support of Moms are designed to help obstetric practices address perinatal depression. The PRogram in Support of Moms includes the statewide Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for Moms program, plus proactive implementation support.

Objective: The goal of this study was to understand the impact of these programs on perinatal generalized anxiety disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among individuals screening positive for depression.

Quantitative Measurement of HER2 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With a High-Sensitivity Assay.

Recently, low human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein expression has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for response to the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in metastatic breast cancer. HER2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has never been carefully measured, and little is known about the frequency of cases with unamplified but detectable levels of the protein. Although some HER2-targeted therapies have been studied in NSCLC patients, they have been restricted to those with genomic ERBB2 gene alterations, which only represent relatively rare cases of NSCLC.