Telemedicine process used to implement an effective and functional screening program for diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy, damage to the blood vessels in the retina, is the leading cause of blindness in adults 20-74 years of age. Nearly 300 million people worldwide have diabetes and nearly half of all people with diabetes will develop some degree of diabetic retinopathy during their lifetime. It has been estimated that blindness from diabetic retinopathy is preventable in at least 65% of cases, if detected early.

Evaluation of whole slide image immunohistochemistry interpretation in challenging prostate needle biopsies.

Whole slide images (WSIs), also known as virtual slides, can support electronic distribution of immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains to pathologists that rely on remote sites for these services. This may lead to improvement in turnaround times, reduction of courier costs, fewer errors in slide distribution, and automated image analyses. Although this approach is practiced de facto today in some large laboratories, there are no clinical validation studies on this approach.

Has control of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension in type 1 diabetes improved over time?

Objective: To determine the extent to which patients' awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia have changed over time and to examine factors associated with awareness and treatment in a type 1 diabetes population.

Research Design And Methods: Data from six examinations conducted over 10 years from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study, a prospective study of subjects with childhood-onset (<17 years of age) type 1 diabetes diagnosed between 1950 and 1980 and followed since 1986, were analyzed. Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were defined according to the concurrent Joint National Committee and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel criteria, respectively.

Cross-cultural comparisons of anxiety and depression in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Symptoms of depression and anxiety may be more prevalent in individuals with diabetes; however, little is known about possible differences with respect to social or cultural environment. The aim of this study was to examine cross-cultural differences in prevalence and correlates of symptoms of anxiety and depression in two studies, one in the United Kingdom and one in the United States.

Methods: Adults with type 1 diabetes participating in two studies in Birmingham, UK, and Pittsburgh, US, completed psychosocial questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Scale.