Long-term Survival of Bladder Augmentation is Influenced by its Shape and Mucosal Lining.

Introduction: Bladder augmentation in the UK has been largely by enterocystoplasty or ureterocystoplasty (UC). Ileocystoplasty can be simple patch placement (SPP), or formation of an ileal cup (IC). Urothelium is the "right" mucosa, whereas intestinal mucosa exhibits absorption, mucus production, malignancy.

Deprescribing Antidepressants in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Discontinuation Approaches, Cross-Titration, and Withdrawal Symptoms.

Antidepressant medications, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), are commonly used to treat depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders in youth. Yet, data on discontinuing these medications, withdrawal symptoms, and strategies to switch between them are limited. We searched PubMed and ClinicalTrials.

Expert consensus statement for telepsychiatry and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Changing practice patterns caused by the pandemic have created an urgent need for guidance in prescribing stimulants using telepsychiatry for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A notable spike in the prescribing of stimulants accompanied the suspension of the Ryan Haight Act, allowing the prescribing of stimulants without a face-to-face meeting. Competing forces both for and against prescribing ADHD stimulants by telepsychiatry have emerged, requiring guidelines to balance these factors.

Investigating the Effects of Avatarization and Interaction Techniques on Near-field Mixed Reality Interactions with Physical Components.

Mixed reality (MR) interactions feature users interacting with a combination of virtual and physical components. Inspired by research investigating aspects associated with near-field interactions in augmented and virtual reality (AR & VR), we investigated how avatarization, the physicality of the interacting components, and the interaction technique used to manipulate a virtual object affected performance and perceptions of user experience in a mixed reality fundamentals of laparoscopic peg-transfer task wherein users had to transfer a virtual ring from one peg to another for a number of trials. We employed a 3 (Physicality of pegs) X 3 (Augmented Avatar Representation) X 2 (Interaction Technique) multi-factorial design, manipulating the physicality of the pegs as a between-subjects factor, the type of augmented self-avatar representation, and the type of interaction technique used for object-manipulation as within-subjects factors.

The Effects of Secondary Task Demands on Cybersickness in Active Exploration Virtual Reality Experiences.

Active exploration in virtual reality (VR) involves users navigating immersive virtual environments, going from one place to another. While navigating, users often engage in secondary tasks that require attentional resources, as in the case of distracted driving. Inspired by research generally studying the effects of task demands on cybersickness (CS), we investigated how the attentional demands specifically associated with secondary tasks performed during exploration affect CS.

Linking Primary Care to Community-Based Mental Health Resources via Family Navigation and Phone-Based Care Coordination.

Family navigation (FN) and phone-based care coordination may improve linkages from primary care to community-based mental health referrals, but research on their differential impact is limited. This mixed-methods study compared FN and phone-based care coordination in connecting families to mental health services from primary care. Families of children (56.

The use of buprenorphine to-go packs in the emergency department.

Objective: Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Patients in the emergency department (ED) can be initiated or continued on buprenorphine as a bridge to follow-up in the outpatient setting, but gaps in care may arise. The objective was to evaluate the impact of buprenorphine to-go packs as a continuing treatment option for patients presenting to the ED with OUD across a health system.

The Effects of Auditory, Visual, and Cognitive Distractions on Cybersickness in Virtual Reality.

Cybersickness (CS) is one of the challenges that has hindered the widespread adoption of Virtual Reality (VR). Consequently, researchers continue to explore novel means to mitigate the undesirable effects associated with this affliction, one that may require a combination of remedies as opposed to a solitary stratagem. Inspired by research probing into the use of distractions as a means to control pain, we investigated the efficacy of this countermeasure against CS, studying how the introduction of temporally time-gated distractions affects this malady during a virtual experience featuring active exploration.

Can I Squeeze Through? Effects of Self-Avatars and Calibration in a Person-Plus-Virtual-Object System on Perceived Lateral Passability in VR.

With the popularity of Virtual Reality (VR) on the rise, creators from a variety of fields are building increasingly complex experiences that allow users to express themselves more naturally. Self-avatars and object interaction in virtual worlds are at the heart of these experiences. However, these give rise to several perception based challenges that have been the focus of research in recent years.

Give Me a Hand: Improving the Effectiveness of Near-field Augmented Reality Interactions By Avatarizing Users' End Effectors.

Inspired by previous works showing promise for AR self-avatarization - providing users with an augmented self avatar, we investigated whether avatarizing users' end-effectors (hands) improved their interaction performance on a near-field, obstacle avoidance, object retrieval task wherein users were tasked with retrieving a target object from a field of non-target obstacles for a number of trials. We employed a 3 (Augmented hand representation) X 2 (density of obstacles) X 2 (size of obstacles) X 2 (virtual light intensity) multi-factorial design, manipulating the presence/absence and anthropomorphic fidelity of augmented self-avatars overlaid on the user's real hands, as a between subjects factor across three experimental conditions: (1) No-Augmented Avatar (using only real hands); (2) Iconic-Augmented Avatar; (3) Realistic Augmented Avatar. Results indicated that self-avatarization improved interaction performance and was perceived as more usable regardless of the anthropomorphic fidelity of avatar.

How Virtual Hand Representations Affect the Perceptions of Dynamic Affordances in Virtual Reality.

User representations are critical to the virtual experience, and involve both the input device used to support interactions as well as how the user is virtually represented in the scene. Inspired by previous work that has shown effects of user representations on the perceptions of relatively static affordances, we attempt to investigate how end-effector representations affect the perceptions of affordances that dynamically change over time. Towards this end, we empirically evaluated how different virtual hand representations affect users' perceptions of dynamic affordances in an object retrieval task wherein users were tasked with retrieving a target from a box for a number of trials while avoiding collisions with its moving doors.

Molecular Orientation of -POH and -COOH Functionalized Dyes on TiO, AlO, ZrO, and ITO: A Comparative Study.

Modification of transparent metal oxide (MO) surfaces with organic monolayers is widely employed to tailor the properties of interfaces in organic electronic devices, and MO substrates modified with light-absorbing chromophores are a key component of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The effects of an organic modifier on the performance of a MO-based device are frequently assessed by performing experiments on model monolayer|MO interfaces, where an "inert" MO (e.g.

Psychopharmacological Treatment Algorithms of Manic/Mixed and Depressed Episodes in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severe psychiatric illness diagnosed before the age of 18, which is associated with extreme shifts in mood characterized by manic and depressive episodes. In 2005, AACAP published algorithms to guide pharmacological treatment of manic/mixed episodes associated with PBD. At that time, lithium was the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for pediatric bipolar manic/mixed episodes.

Cancer Survivors' Evolving Perceptions of a New Supportive Virtual Program.

This qualitative study begins to explore cancer survivors' evolving perceptions of "Focus on the Future," a 6-week supportive virtual program led by trained volunteers and health care professionals. Through purposive sampling, participants (n = 10) enrolled in the program were individually interviewed shortly before attending, mid-way through, and at program completion. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim.

Objects May Be Farther Than They Appear: Depth Compression Diminishes Over Time with Repeated Calibration in Virtual Reality.

Prior research in depth perception and perceptuo-motor calibration have primarily focused on participants completing experiments in single sessions and therefore do not empirically evaluate changes over time. Further, these studies do not typically take into account the amount of experience that the participants have in virtual reality (VR) prior to participation, the role of experience during participation, or calibration that may occur throughout the experiment session. In this contribution, we conducted a novel empirical evaluation of how calibration affects perception-action coordination over time.

Exhaled gases and the potential for cross-infection noninvasive ventilation machines.

https://bit.ly/3EdvtY6.

A single centre experience using internal traction sutures in managing long gap oesophageal atresia.

Aim: Thoracoscopically placed internal traction sutures (ITS) for the initial management of long gap oesophageal atresia (LGOA), not amenable to primary anastomosis, was first described in 2015. Here we describe our experience using ITS both thoracoscopically and at thoracotomy where the gap between upper and lower oesophagus is too wide for primary anastomosis.

Method: The case notes of all infants treated with ITS for oesophageal atresia (01/10/2015 to 01/12/2019) were reviewed.

Pediatric Preventive Care in Middle-High Resource Countries-The Padova Chart for Health in Children.

Importance: The Padova Chart for Health in Children (PCHC) aims to gather the evidence of healthcare promotion and protection for chidren and adolescents (i.e., aged <18 y) into a single document in order to guide families, healthcare providers and social actors on healthy choices.

Normalizing the political economy of improving health.

Problem: Political economy factors are important in determining the adoption and implementation of health policies. Yet these factors are often overlooked in the development of policies that have the potential to influence health.

Approach: Political economy analysis provides a way to take into consideration political and social realities, whether at the community, subnational, national, regional or global levels.

Concentrated Ethanol Electrosynthesis from CO via a Porous Hydrophobic Adlayer.

Electrochemical CO reduction can convert waste emissions into dense liquid fuels compatible with existing energy infrastructure. High-rate electrocatalytic conversion of CO to ethanol has been achieved in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzers; however, ethanol produced at the cathode is transported, via electroosmotic drag and diffusion, to the anode, where it is diluted and may be oxidized. The ethanol concentrations that result on both the cathodic and anodic sides are too low to justify the energetic and financial cost of downstream separation.

Home direct-to-consumer telehealth solutions for children with mental health disorders and the impact of Covid-19.

Delivery of mental health treatment in the home can close gaps in care. Telehealth also provides access to healthcare that has been disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2016, a home direct-to-consumer telehealth program was initiated.

Decontamination Strategies Used for AFB Culture Significantly Reduce the Viability of Complex in Sputum Samples from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are important respiratory pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). For diagnosis, international guidelines recommend culture of sputum that has been decontaminated via chemical treatment. Fifty-six sputum samples from 32 patients known to be previously colonized or infected with NTM were subdivided, and the aliquots were subjected to six different decontamination strategies, followed by quantitative culture for NTM.