The European NORM Association (ENA)-promoting radiation protection in the field of norm in Europe.

The European NORM Association (ENA) was founded in 2017, merging previously informal European networks. It has the statute of an International Non-profit Organization established under Belgian Law. The objective of ENA is to promote and advance radiation protection in the context of exposure to NORM.

The issue of Cs-137 in firewood and biomass combustion: a review.

In large parts of Europe, the Chernobyl accident of 1986 caused fallout of Cs-137. This led to the uptake of Cs-137 in trees or other materials used for bioenergy production or as firewood for domestic purposes. This Cs-137 may concentrate in the ashes of the combustion process in such a way that the clearance level of 100 Bq per kg, defined in Directive 2013/59/Euratom (EU BSS), may consequently be exceeded.